@article{ISI:000523676900014,
title = {Feature Selection of Electromyography Signals for Autism Spectrum Disorder Children During Gait Using Mann-Whitney Test},
author = {Mohd M N Nor and R Jailani and N M Tahir},
doi = {10.11113/jt.v82.13928},
issn = {0127-9696},
year = {2020},
date = {2020-03-01},
journal = {JURNAL TEKNOLOGI},
volume = {82},
number = {2},
pages = {113-120},
publisher = {PENERBIT UTM PRESS},
address = {PENERBIT UTM PRESS, SKUDAI, JOHOR, 81310, MALAYSIA},
abstract = {Autism Spectrum Disorder is a lifelong neurodevelopmental impairment
that affects brain growth and individual functional capabilities that
associates with unusual movement and gait disturbance. The aim of this
study is to investigate the significant features of EMG signals for
lower limbs and arms muscle between Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD) and
Typical Development (TD) Children during walking. In this study, 30 ASD
and 30 Typical Development (TD) children aged between 6 to 13 years old
were asked to walk on the walkway naturally. The Electromyography (EMG)
signals of Biceps Femoris (BF), Rectus Femoris (RF), Tibialis Anterior
(TA), Gastrocnemius (GAS), Biceps Brachii (BB) and Tricep Brachii (TB)
muscles of the ASD and TD children were recorded by using surface EMG
sensors. The BF muscle is located at the posterior compartment of the
thigh whereas the RF muscle located in the anterior compartment of the
thigh. On the other hand, the TA muscle originates within the anterior
compartment of the leg, and Gas muscle originates at the posterior
compartment of the calf. Meanwhile, the BB muscle is in the front of the
upper arm between shoulder and elbow, and TB muscle is a large muscle on
the back of the upper arm limb. The data consists of 42 features from 7
walking phases of 6 muscles during one gait cycle were obtained from the
data collection. Firstly, the data will be normalized to one gait cycle
to standardize the length of EMG signals used for all subjects. Then,
the feature selection method using Mann-Whitney Test is applied to find
the significant features to differentiate between ASD and TD children
from the EMG signals. Out of 42 features, 5 were found to be the most
significant features of EMG signals between ASD and TD children, there
are TA muscle at 30% of gait cycle, Gas muscle at 50% and 60% of gait
cycle, and BB muscle at 10% and 80% of gait cycle with significant
values of 0.017, 0.049, 0.034, 0.021 and 0.003, respectively. These
findings are useful to both clinicians and parents as the lower limbs
and arm muscles can be valuable therapeutic parameter for ASD children's
rehabilitation plan. The findings of this research also suggest that the
significant difference of EMG signals obtained can be a parameter to
differentiate between ASD and TD children.},
keywords = {},
pubstate = {published},
tppubtype = {article}
}

@article{Baragash2020,
title = {Augmented Reality and Functional Skills Acquisition Among Individuals With Special Needs: A Meta-Analysis of Group Design Studies},
author = {R S Baragash and H Al-Samarraie and L Moody and F Zaqout},
url = {https://www.scopus.com/inward/record.uri?eid=2-s2.0-85081536366&doi=10.1177%2f0162643420910413&partnerID=40&md5=d2410bcebbd0cece9ad53cd13e2993a3},
doi = {10.1177/0162643420910413},
issn = {01626434},
year = {2020},
date = {2020-01-01},
journal = {Journal of Special Education Technology},
publisher = {SAGE Publications Inc.},
abstract = {Augmented reality (AR) has the potential to support individuals with special needs and to enable their development of daily living skills. This meta-analysis study examined the effect of AR on functional skills acquisition across individuals affected by different disabilities. Group design studies based on a random-effects model alongside the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analysis guidelines were used in this study. A total of 119 individuals with different types of disabilities (including intellectual disability, autism spectrum disorder, attention deficit hyperactivity disorder, Down syndrome, hearing disability, and visual disability) were obtained from seven studies. The overall effect size of AR across the seven studies was significant. The results showed that AR can be effective and helpful for individuals with disabilities to help them make daily decisions and guide their actions in society. The implications for practice and research as well as the possible areas that require further investigation are discussed. © The Author(s) 2020.},
note = {cited By 1},
keywords = {},
pubstate = {published},
tppubtype = {article}
}

@article{Naghmeh-Abbaspour2020712,
title = {Training and teaching the interaction of meaning in English classes as foreign languages to students with special needs: A review study},
author = {B Naghmeh-Abbaspour and F Sabokrouh},
url = {https://www.scopus.com/inward/record.uri?eid=2-s2.0-85084201322&doi=10.31838%2fjcr.07.06.124&partnerID=40&md5=afb5a370b21208ed74b79d0accc537d6},
doi = {10.31838/jcr.07.06.124},
issn = {23945125},
year = {2020},
date = {2020-01-01},
journal = {Journal of Critical Reviews},
volume = {7},
number = {6},
pages = {712-716},
publisher = {Innovare Academics Sciences Pvt. Ltd},
abstract = {Objective: The present study aimed to examine the process of teaching English as a foreign language to students with special needs (hearing impairment, visual impairment, autism spectrum, intellectual disabilities, specific learning disorder, speech and language impairment, emotional and behavioral disorders, physical and mobility impairment, and multiple disabilities). Method: The present descriptive-analytical study retrieved relevant studies dating from 1964 to 2017 available on Google Scholar, Scientific Information Database, and the Comprehensive Portal of Humanities using the secondary research method. Afterwards, the selected studies were reviewed, analyzed, and categorized. Results & Conclusion: There are specific strategies and methods of teaching English as a foreign language to each group of students with special needs. These include the application of the visual approach for teaching vocabulary (for students with hearing impairment); use of print or English Braille (for those with visual impairment); repetition of activities (for those with autism spectrum); application of the communicative approach, lexical approach, and total physical response (for those with intellectual disabilities); use of multisensory and phonics approaches (for those with specific learning disorder); incorporation of speech-language therapy techniques and adaptation of educational content (for those with language and communication difficulties); application of behavioral interventions in the classroom (for those with emotional and behavioral disorders); facilitation of access to educational equipment (for those with physical and mobility impairment); and focus on general communication and adaptive abilities (for those with multiple disabilities). The English teaching program in Iran should be compatible with the abilities of students with special needs. Therefore, it is necessary to modify and localize teaching materials and provide educational supports. © 2019 by Advance Scientific Research. This is an open-access article under the CC BY license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/)},
note = {cited By 1},
keywords = {},
pubstate = {published},
tppubtype = {article}
}

@article{Alnajjar2020,
title = {Personalized Robot Interventions for Autistic Children: An Automated Methodology for Attention Assessment},
author = {F Alnajjar and M Cappuccio and A Renawi and O Mubin and C K Loo},
url = {https://www.scopus.com/inward/record.uri?eid=2-s2.0-85081653497&doi=10.1007%2fs12369-020-00639-8&partnerID=40&md5=99d36c26b54c3f23ebb13499387b859a},
doi = {10.1007/s12369-020-00639-8},
issn = {18754791},
year = {2020},
date = {2020-01-01},
journal = {International Journal of Social Robotics},
publisher = {Springer},
abstract = {We propose a robot-mediated therapy and assessment system for children with autism spectrum disorder (ASD) of mild to moderate severity and minimal verbal capabilities. The objectives of the robot interaction sessions is to improve the academic capabilities of ASD patients by increasing the length and the quality of their attention. The system uses a NAO robot and an added mobile display to present emotional cues and solicit appropriate emotional responses. The interaction is semi-autonomous with minimal human intervention.Interaction occurs within an adaptive dynamic scenario composed of 13 sections. The scenario allows adaptive customization based on the attention score history of each patient. The attention score is autonomously generated by the system and depends on face attention and joint attention cues and sound responses. The scoring system allows us to prove that the customized interaction system increases the engagement and attention capabilities of ASD patients.After performing a pilot study, involving 6 ASD children, out of a total of 11 considered in the clinical setup, we conducted a long-term study. This study empirically proves that the proposed assessment system represents the attention state of the patient with 82.4% accuracy. © 2020, Springer Nature B.V.},
note = {cited By 0},
keywords = {},
pubstate = {published},
tppubtype = {article}
}

@article{Razi2020163,
title = {Detecting learning disabilities based on neuro-physiological interface of affect (NPIoA)},
author = {N I M Razi and A W A Rahman and N Kamarudin},
url = {https://www.scopus.com/inward/record.uri?eid=2-s2.0-85083114541&doi=10.11591%2fijeecs.v19.i1.pp163-170&partnerID=40&md5=d0640c3c578d60d9522d0b055c265938},
doi = {10.11591/ijeecs.v19.i1.pp163-170},
issn = {25024752},
year = {2020},
date = {2020-01-01},
journal = {Indonesian Journal of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science},
volume = {19},
number = {1},
pages = {163-170},
publisher = {Institute of Advanced Engineering and Science},
abstract = {Learning disability (LD) is a neurological processing disorder that causes impediment in processing and understanding information. LD is not only affecting academic performance but can also influence on relationship with family, friends and colleagues. Hence, it is important to detect the learning disabilities among children prior to the school year to avoid from anxiety, bully and other social problems. This research aims to implement the learning disabilities detection based on the emotions captured from electroencephalogram (EEG) to recognize the symptoms of Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD), Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD) and dyslexia in order to have early diagnosis and assisting the clinician evaluation. The results show several symptoms that ASD children have low alpha power with the Alpha-Beta Test (ABT) power ratio and ASD U-shaped graph, ADHD children have high Theta-Beta Test (TBT) power ratio while Dyslexia have high Left-over-Right Theta (LRT) power ratio. This can be concluded that the learning disabilities detection methods proposed in this study is applicable for ASD, ADHD and also Dyslexia diagnosis. Copyright © 2020 Institute of Advanced Engineering and Science. All rights reserved.},
note = {cited By 0},
keywords = {},
pubstate = {published},
tppubtype = {article}
}

@article{Kolandaisamy2020440,
title = {The development of smartphone apps for ADHD kids with attention shortage hyperactivity ‘anti-ADHD’},
author = {R Kolandaisamy and A B I N Jalil and I Kolandaisamy and K Subaramaniam},
url = {https://www.scopus.com/inward/record.uri?eid=2-s2.0-85080137258&doi=10.31838%2fjcr.07.01.86&partnerID=40&md5=eb3400d098904a1cdec4f0273fd034ac},
doi = {10.31838/jcr.07.01.86},
issn = {23945125},
year = {2020},
date = {2020-01-01},
journal = {Journal of Critical Reviews},
volume = {7},
number = {1},
pages = {440-445},
publisher = {Innovare Academics Sciences Pvt. Ltd},
abstract = {The reason for the applications being created is to improve the condition of the ADHD kids. It will discover arrangements on the best way to tackle this issue, in which author was urged to get this title of Anti-ADHD as it will profit the general public all in all to carry on with a superior life in this world. This research is entirely a new experience and to create a better future and execute the arrangement in an appropriate manner so it won't be a very late activity as a minute ago work as it won't be perfect and less possibility of being effective and probably won't most likely produce a decent task. Current accessible treatment choices are based on tending to comorbid mental, neurological, or medical conditions, as centre side effects of autism imbalance are regularly headstrong to current pharmaco-restorative choices. In this work it consists of various challenging sections to sort out such as gathering information and designing applications. © 2019 by Advance Scientific Research. This is an open-access article under the CC BY license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/)},
note = {cited By 0},
keywords = {},
pubstate = {published},
tppubtype = {article}
}

@article{Khowaja202078779,
title = {Augmented reality for learning of children and adolescents with autism spectrum disorder (ASD): A systematic review},
author = {K Khowaja and B Banire and D Al-Thani and M T Sqalli and A Aqle and A Shah and S S Salim},
url = {https://www.scopus.com/inward/record.uri?eid=2-s2.0-85084863534&doi=10.1109%2fACCESS.2020.2986608&partnerID=40&md5=266b4a1de057baa6582f13eb62483811},
doi = {10.1109/ACCESS.2020.2986608},
issn = {21693536},
year = {2020},
date = {2020-01-01},
journal = {IEEE Access},
volume = {8},
pages = {78779-78807},
publisher = {Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers Inc.},
abstract = {This paper presents a systematic review of relevant primary studies on the use of augmented reality (AR) to improve various skills of children and adolescents diagnosed with autism spectrum disorder (ASD) from years 2005 to 2018 inclusive in eight bibliographic databases. This systematic review attempts to address eleven specific research questions related to the learing skills, participants, AR technology, research design, data collection methods, settings, evaluation parameters, intervention outcomes, generalization, and maintenance. The social communication skill was the highly targeted skill, and individuals with ASD were part of all the studies. Computer, smartphone, and smartglass are more frequently used technologies. The commonly used research design was pre-test and post-test. Almost all the studies used observation as a data collection method, and classroom environment or controlled research environment were used as a setting of evaluation. Most of the evaluation parameters were human-assisted. The results of the studies show that AR benefited children with ASD in learning skills. The generalization test was conducted in one study only, but the results were not reported. The results of maintenance tests conducted in five studies during a short-term period following the withdrawal of intervention were positive. Although the effect of using AR towards the learning of individuals was positive, given the wide variety of skills targeted in the studies, and the heterogeneity of the participants, a summative conclusion regarding the effectiveness of AR for teaching or learning of skills related to ASD based on the existing literature is not possible. The review also proposes the research taxonomy for ASD. Future research addressing the effectiveness of AR among more participants, different technologies supporting AR for the intervention, generalization, and maintenance of learning skills, and the evaluation in the inslusive classroom environment and other settings is warranted. © 2013 IEEE.},
note = {cited By 0},
keywords = {},
pubstate = {published},
tppubtype = {article}
}

@article{Teo2020,
title = {Autism Spectrum Disorders in Sarawak: An Overview and Analysis of Educator Awareness, Training, Development Opportunities, and Challenges},
author = {J X Teo and B T Lau and P Then},
url = {https://www.scopus.com/inward/record.uri?eid=2-s2.0-85079797404&doi=10.1080%2f1034912X.2020.1731433&partnerID=40&md5=13c6807c6741dfcb559f3bdcaa5630ed},
doi = {10.1080/1034912X.2020.1731433},
issn = {1034912X},
year = {2020},
date = {2020-01-01},
journal = {International Journal of Disability, Development and Education},
publisher = {Routledge},
abstract = {This research attempts to construct a picture of the current professional situation concerning educators in Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD) amelioration in Sarawak, Malaysia. Data was collected through interviewing ASD educators from licenced special needs education establishments, then analysed for recurring trends. Findings revealed that although there is a visible need for educators, there appears to be very little in the way of guidelines, recognition, support, and career opportunities for these practitioners. Backing from a literature review suggests that an industry standard in terms of remuneration, certification, and a regulatory body may assist with educator retention and training. However, difficulty in securing opportunities for professional self-improvement in this field has resulted in unique and divergent educator development, demonstrated by a history of self-reliance and adaptability as service providers due to necessity. This study examines the gaps in service for ASD individuals through the experiences of ASD educators in Sarawak. It highlights the distinct need for more research in the field for this locality in order to pinpoint and amend its weaknesses. Further study would be valuable for not only the developing urban areas here, but due to shared cultural aspects, also have implications for rural areas and surrounding developing nations. © 2020, © 2020 Informa UK Limited, trading as Taylor & Francis Group.},
note = {cited By 0},
keywords = {},
pubstate = {published},
tppubtype = {article}
}

@article{Djatmika2020219,
title = {Multimodal strategies in teaching children with autism: A discourse analysis},
author = {Djatmika and A H Wibowo and Sugini and H Halim and B Mohamad},
url = {https://www.scopus.com/inward/record.uri?eid=2-s2.0-85081273665&doi=10.5530%2fsrp.2020.2.34&partnerID=40&md5=598f159688f9329625ae19d12e489ff9},
doi = {10.5530/srp.2020.2.34},
issn = {09758453},
year = {2020},
date = {2020-01-01},
journal = {Systematic Reviews in Pharmacy},
volume = {11},
number = {2},
pages = {219-229},
publisher = {EManuscript Technologies},
abstract = {The process of teaching and learning involving children with autism requires teachers to be creative in designing special and effective strategies to ensure students' understanding. This is due to the fact that these children have problems in communicating with others, thus need special attention from the teachers. The present research hopes to further understand the needs of these children by examining strategies undertaken by teachers at the Schools for Exceptional Children and Autism Centers in Solo citywhich assist children with autism. Five classes were observed and recorded audio-visually. Data representing the aspects of verbal behaviors, non verbal behaviors, and teaching aids exploitation were collected. Results show that the condition of autism children is a primary influence on the strategy in exploiting multimodal aspects. Thus, teachers must design different approaches in transferring knowledge to these children. In general, teachers always perform verbal exploitation in collaboration with the nonverbal aspects such asfacial gestures, body movements, standing positions, and paralinguistic resources such as intonation and loudness. The study also found thatout the five classes being studied, two classes were supported by an effective use of teaching aids. The findings contributed towards a better understanding for teachers and parents of the needs of autism children during the teaching and learning process. © Advanced Scientific Research. All rights reserved.},
note = {cited By 0},
keywords = {},
pubstate = {published},
tppubtype = {article}
}

@article{Razali2020495,
title = {Intelligent Autism Screening Using Fuzzy Agent},
author = {N N C Razali and N A Ghani and S I Hisham},
editor = {Najib Abdul Wahab Othman Abd Ghani Irawan Khatun Raja Ismail Saari Daud Mohd Faudzi M S Y N A N M A S R M T M M M R A A Kasruddin Nasir A.N. Ahmad M.A.},
url = {https://www.scopus.com/inward/record.uri?eid=2-s2.0-85083080538&doi=10.1007%2f978-981-15-2317-5_42&partnerID=40&md5=c37fc825e41384f79ae2dd3361a504a7},
doi = {10.1007/978-981-15-2317-5_42},
issn = {18761100},
year = {2020},
date = {2020-01-01},
journal = {Lecture Notes in Electrical Engineering},
volume = {632},
pages = {495-503},
publisher = {Springer},
abstract = {In the diagnosis of diseases, either physical or psychological, there are situations causing reaching for second independent opinion very hard. This is especially true in the diagnosis of Autism due to the complex process of diagnosis. Apart from the complex process, the challenges include cost and the availability of experts. This, however, does not change the fact that having regular independent second opinions is crucial. Hence, this study proposes an intelligent autism screening model using fuzzy agent, to assist the expert and non-expert in making the diagnosis. In this study, the fuzzy inputs are assigned based on five categories, which are Communication, Gross Motor, Fine Motor, Problem Solving, and Personal Social, and is specifically for three-year-old children only. The proposed model will be able to produce output in the form of sequences based on lowest to highest mark of the scores for each category. This output will then relate to the suggestion of activities to autistic children by priority (based on the scores obtained). © 2020, Springer Nature Singapore Pte Ltd.},
note = {cited By 0},
keywords = {},
pubstate = {published},
tppubtype = {article}
}

@article{Liang2020421,
title = {Autism Spectrum Disorder Classification in Videos: A Hybrid of Temporal Coherency Deep Networks and Self-organizing Dual Memory Approach},
author = {S Liang and C K Loo and A Q Md Sabri},
editor = {Kim H -Y Kim K.J.},
url = {https://www.scopus.com/inward/record.uri?eid=2-s2.0-85077496650&doi=10.1007%2f978-981-15-1465-4_42&partnerID=40&md5=8d885d212faf9e5a9d686c58a2e4eecd},
doi = {10.1007/978-981-15-1465-4_42},
issn = {18761100},
year = {2020},
date = {2020-01-01},
journal = {Lecture Notes in Electrical Engineering},
volume = {621},
pages = {421-430},
publisher = {Springer},
abstract = {Autism is at the moment, a common disorder. Prevalence of Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD) is reported to be 1 in every 88 individuals. Early diagnosis of ASD has a significant impact to the livelihood of autistic children and their parents, or their caregivers. In this paper, we have developed an unsupervised online learning model for ASD classification. The proposed approach is a hybrid approach, consisting, the temporal coherency deep networks approach, and, the self-organizing dual memory approach. The primary objective of the research is, to have a scalable system that can achieve online learning, and, is able to avoid the catastrophic forgetting phenomena in neural networks. We have evaluated our approach using an ASD specific dataset, and obtained promising results that are well inclined in supporting the overall objective of the research. © Springer Nature Singapore Pte Ltd 2020.},
note = {cited By 0},
keywords = {},
pubstate = {published},
tppubtype = {article}
}

@article{Rosly2020161,
title = {Data Linking Testing Between Humanoid Robot and IoRT Network Server for Autism Telerehabilitation System Development},
author = {M A Rosly and M A Miskam and S Shamsuddin and H Yussof and N I Zahari},
url = {https://www.scopus.com/inward/record.uri?eid=2-s2.0-85067643492&doi=10.1007%2f978-981-13-8323-6_14&partnerID=40&md5=1c7329c93cee9511cddaef225072dae7},
doi = {10.1007/978-981-13-8323-6_14},
issn = {21954356},
year = {2020},
date = {2020-01-01},
journal = {Lecture Notes in Mechanical Engineering},
pages = {161-169},
publisher = {Pleiades Publishing},
abstract = {The autism prevalence and rapid progress in technology lead to the growing research of robot-mediated telerehabilitation system for autism therapy. This solution aims to overcome the distance barrier between autism patients and their therapist to serve as a practical telerehabilitation system. Meanwhile, the Internet of Robotics Things (IoRT) has been identified as the suitable instrument for connectivity of multiple robotic devices in development of physical telerehabilitation system; capable of providing machine-to-machine (M2M) communication and intelligent data processing in telerehabilitation environment. In related study, NAO robot is employed as the “things” to facilitate remote communication and physical interaction between autism patient and therapist thru IoRT network server. However, the technical issue on two-ways communication between this humanoid robot and IoRT network server has remains as the fundamental problem that prevents robot actuators and sensors to be remotely control and manipulate by therapist. Hence, viable data transfer between them cannot be tested. Therefore, a data linking testing between NAO Robot and IoRT network servers such as Microsoft Azure and ThingSpeak is conducted. The proposed data linking concept consists of data communication through NAO Operating System (OS) NAOqi APIs, Python SDKs, and IoRT network architectures. It enables two-ways communication between NAO robot and IoRT networks. The result shows that a set of data sent from NAO robot through Python SDK can be visualized in graph form at ThingSpeak website and vice versa. The result also supported by the back and forth data transfer between NAO robot dummy and Microsoft Azure network. These results proved that the interchange data between NAO OS NAOqi and IoRT network through Python SDK is feasible. © Springer Nature Singapore Pte Ltd. 2020.},
note = {cited By 0},
keywords = {},
pubstate = {published},
tppubtype = {article}
}

@article{PingPang2020,
title = {Psychological mindedness as a mediator in the relationship between dysfunctional coping styles and depressive symptoms in caregivers of children with autism spectrum disorder},
author = {N T Ping Pang and R Masiran and K -A Tan and A Kassim},
url = {https://www.scopus.com/inward/record.uri?eid=2-s2.0-85084720337&doi=10.1111%2fppc.12481&partnerID=40&md5=94f9b31d5d250911b8e27d0faf0766aa},
doi = {10.1111/ppc.12481},
issn = {00315990},
year = {2020},
date = {2020-01-01},
journal = {Perspectives in Psychiatric Care},
publisher = {Blackwell Publishing Inc.},
abstract = {Purpose: Psychological mindedness (PM) can partly explain depressive symptoms in caregivers of autism spectrum disorder (ASD). This cross-sectional study examines PM in mediating the relationship between dysfunctional coping styles and depressive symptoms. Design and Methods: One hundred fifty-five adult ASD caregivers completed the Malay version of Brief COPE, the Patient Health Questionnaire-9, and the Balanced Index of PM. Findings: Direct paths between dysfunctional coping style and depressive symptoms, between insight and depressive symptoms, and between dysfunctional coping style and all PM variables (insight and interest) were obtained. Multiple regression analyses revealed that insight, but not interest, significantly mediates the relationship between dysfunctional coping and depressive symptoms. Practical Implications: PM can be enhanced via psychological interventions. © 2020 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.},
note = {cited By 0},
keywords = {},
pubstate = {published},
tppubtype = {article}
}

@article{Ali202091,
title = {Autism spectrum disorder classification on electroencephalogram signal using deep learning algorithm},
author = {N A Ali and A R Syafeeza and A S Jaafar and M K M F Alif},
url = {https://www.scopus.com/inward/record.uri?eid=2-s2.0-85081021459&doi=10.11591%2fijai.v9.i1.pp91-99&partnerID=40&md5=b35bfe3eccb539d6d2a9ad2e1a2bed9d},
doi = {10.11591/ijai.v9.i1.pp91-99},
issn = {20894872},
year = {2020},
date = {2020-01-01},
journal = {IAES International Journal of Artificial Intelligence},
volume = {9},
number = {1},
pages = {91-99},
publisher = {Institute of Advanced Engineering and Science},
abstract = {Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD) is a neurodevelopmental that impact the social interaction and communication skills. Diagnosis of ASD is one of the difficult problems facing researchers. This research work aimed to reveal the different pattern between autistic and normal children via electroencephalogram (EEG) by using the deep learning algorithm. The brain signal database used pattern recognition where the extracted features will undergo the multilayer perceptron network for the classification process. The promising method to perform the classification is through a deep learning algorithm, which is currently a well-known and superior method in the pattern recognition field. The performance measure for the classification would be the accuracy. The higher percentage means the more effectiveness for the ASD diagnosis. This can be seen as the ground work for applying a new algorithm for further development diagnosis of autism to see how the treatment is working as well in future. © 2020, Institute of Advanced Engineering and Science. All rights reserved.},
note = {cited By 0},
keywords = {},
pubstate = {published},
tppubtype = {article}
}

@article{Mohd2020582,
title = {Autism kits app: Interactive mobile game for visual impairment among autism spectrum disorder},
author = {C K N C K Mohd and F Shahbodin and H A M Noor and S Suparjoh and G P Ananta},
url = {https://www.scopus.com/inward/record.uri?eid=2-s2.0-85081028230&doi=10.37200%2fIJPR%2fV24I1%2fPR200164&partnerID=40&md5=73a17892b89d4de4d4e2d59a98529cd5},
doi = {10.37200/IJPR/V24I1/PR200164},
issn = {14757192},
year = {2020},
date = {2020-01-01},
journal = {International Journal of Psychosocial Rehabilitation},
volume = {24},
number = {1},
pages = {582-591},
publisher = {Hampstead Psychological Associates},
abstract = {The objective of this study is to report on the development of an Android based application using serious games technique. Autism Kits is a developed mobile application which will act as a learning-based application for autism spectrum disorder. ADDIE methodology has been applied in the development. The testing has been conducted to participants which consist of autism students, teachers and parents. A survey has been conducted after they have gone through the application. Results have shown that the teachers and parents are willing to use the application for autism student and the usage of mobile phones will benefit children with autism. © 2020, Hampstead Psychological Associates. All rights reserved.},
note = {cited By 0},
keywords = {},
pubstate = {published},
tppubtype = {article}
}

@article{AbuBakar202034,
title = {Understanding special education teachers’ perspectives on professionalism in educating autistic students},
author = {N Abu Bakar and I Z Baijuri},
url = {https://www.scopus.com/inward/record.uri?eid=2-s2.0-85080103529&partnerID=40&md5=33d79d6b0c782b01104a8e66ab9b4a79},
issn = {20054238},
year = {2020},
date = {2020-01-01},
journal = {International Journal of Advanced Science and Technology},
volume = {29},
number = {1},
pages = {34-41},
publisher = {Science and Engineering Research Support Society},
abstract = {Autism is a distinction that belongs to a child causing them to exhibit a different behaviour than normal children. Children who are diagnosed with autism are limited in communication and social development. Special Education Teachers are among the 'supporters' and 'complementary' assistance to the child's autism education and help achieve their ambitions. This study aims to identify the level of professionalism among special education teachers in order to educate students with autism. This study employed quantitative method where by the special education teachers were selected through a purposive sampling. This study was taken place in schools located in Kuala Terengganu. Therefore, the results obtained showed that the level of professionalism special education teachers was high. © 2019 SERSC.},
note = {cited By 3},
keywords = {},
pubstate = {published},
tppubtype = {article}
}

@article{Zamora2020120,
title = {Correlates of low back pain among Filipino caregivers of children with disability: A preliminary study},
author = {M A L Zamora and H C Labao},
url = {https://www.scopus.com/inward/record.uri?eid=2-s2.0-85080840446&doi=10.1016%2fj.enfcli.2019.09.033&partnerID=40&md5=889c8e405ad0b29e3d40e067306b5301},
doi = {10.1016/j.enfcli.2019.09.033},
issn = {15792013},
year = {2020},
date = {2020-01-01},
journal = {Enfermeria clinica},
volume = {30},
pages = {120-123},
publisher = {NLM (Medline)},
abstract = {The caregiver's role in rearing a child with disability requires huge physical demands which may lead to development of musculoskeletal disorders such as low back pain (LBP). This study aims to determine the factors associated with low back pain among caregivers of children with disability. A quantitative, correlational research design was used. Data were gathered among caregivers of children with disabilities enrolled in a specialized educational and pediatric rehabilitation unit in Valenzuela City. A personal information sheet was used to gather relevant demographic data while Oswestry Disability Index (ODI) was used to measure low back pain and disability. Pearson's correlation and Chi-square were used to determine the relationship and association among demographic factors and low back pain and disability. Majority of the respondents are mothers (59.09%) caring for children with autism spectrum disorder (31.82%), married (68.18%), and living in an extended family (36.36%). Chi-squared revealed a statistically significant association between caregivers' gender (p=0.003), relationship to child (p=0.000), and marital status (p=0.000) to low back pain and disability. Results imply that married mothers who are the primary caregivers to children with disability are prone to develop low back pain and disability. Preventive and restorative physical interventions, such as caring rotation, is recommended. Future studies should focus on other factors such as psychosocial, physical, and emotional aspects of low back pain and disability among caregivers of children with disability. Copyright © 2020 Elsevier España, S.L.U. All rights reserved.},
note = {cited By 0},
keywords = {},
pubstate = {published},
tppubtype = {article}
}

@article{Razali20202322,
title = {Vocational education for autism spectrum disorder students towards the market employment},
author = {N A M Razali and H Jambari and N Suhairom},
url = {https://www.scopus.com/inward/record.uri?eid=2-s2.0-85080970552&doi=10.37200%2fIJPR%2fV24I2%2fPR200527&partnerID=40&md5=47a76ecb3b2814854e1156e64404426c},
doi = {10.37200/IJPR/V24I2/PR200527},
issn = {14757192},
year = {2020},
date = {2020-01-01},
journal = {International Journal of Psychosocial Rehabilitation},
volume = {24},
number = {2},
pages = {2322-2327},
publisher = {Hampstead Psychological Associates},
abstract = {Autism is the disability of complex childhood development that is usually realized within the first three years of neurological disorders that affect the functioning of the brain. Autism problems occur without the exception of ethnicity, the level of family income, lifestyle, and education level. The case study attempts to explore the knowledge and skills provided by private institutions to Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD) students before they enter the job market. Five teachers at private institutions of vocational education were interviewed using a set of interview protocols. The interviewed teacher has over five years of teaching experience of ASD students. The interview data obtained was transcribed in verbatim form. Keywords or phrases have been extracted, grouped, and translated in the form of a theme. The themes are the basic skills, job-related skills and personal qualities. The findings show that teachers have applied the ability to work (marketability) to ASD students. This study has implications for the provision of appropriate workability capability based on the strengths and abilities of ASD students. © 2020, Hampstead Psychological Associates. All rights reserved.},
note = {cited By 0},
keywords = {},
pubstate = {published},
tppubtype = {article}
}

@article{Taresh2020,
title = {Pre-school teachers’ knowledge, belief, identification skills, and self-efficacy in identifying autism spectrum disorder (ASD): A conceptual framework to identify children with ASD},
author = {S Taresh and N A Ahmad and S Roslan and A M Ma’rof and S Zaid},
url = {https://www.scopus.com/inward/record.uri?eid=2-s2.0-85082661960&doi=10.3390%2fbrainsci10030165&partnerID=40&md5=806c3d699ffc9bd518bc0397b07598a8},
doi = {10.3390/brainsci10030165},
issn = {20763425},
year = {2020},
date = {2020-01-01},
journal = {Brain Sciences},
volume = {10},
number = {3},
publisher = {MDPI AG},
abstract = {Recently, the identification and detection of children with autism spectrum disorder (ASD) has become an essential issue under ASD intervention services. The high percentage of ASD among children requires preschool teachers to recognizse children’s abnormal development and identify them at an early stage, followed by referral to specialists. Therefore, this identification calls for a specific ability among preschool teachers, identified as knowledge, belief, identification skills, and self-efficacy (KBISSE). This conceptual framework aims to utilize the current literature to present a discussion on preschool teachers’ KBISSE in identifying children with ASD and making decisions to refer children suspected with ASD to specialists. The conceptual framework is discussed based on social cognitive theory (SCT) and the health belief model (HBM). The conceptual framework emphasizes the need for preschool teachers to be educated in ASD via an educational module that could increase teachers’ self-efficacy in identifying children with ASD. Besides, knowledge in ASD, belief in ASD, and identification skills are also necessary variables for building the educational module. The educational module is useful for guiding future research on preschool teachers’ identification of children with any disability, one of which is ASD, and subsequent specialist referral at an early stage. © 2020 by the authors. Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland.},
note = {cited By 0},
keywords = {},
pubstate = {published},
tppubtype = {article}
}

@article{Leong2020247,
title = {Poh-tay-toe, Poh-tah-toe: Autism Diagnosis and Conceptualization},
author = {D Leong and D Hedley and M Uljarević},
url = {https://www.scopus.com/inward/record.uri?eid=2-s2.0-85078570091&doi=10.1177%2f0883073819887587&partnerID=40&md5=f40e68dc7723d94e6c9dfeb9820558a4},
doi = {10.1177/0883073819887587},
issn = {08830738},
year = {2020},
date = {2020-01-01},
journal = {Journal of Child Neurology},
volume = {35},
number = {3},
pages = {247-248},
publisher = {SAGE Publications Inc.},
note = {cited By 0},
keywords = {},
pubstate = {published},
tppubtype = {article}
}