@article{MdNor2018182,
title = {The development and validation of questionnaire on autism spectrum disorders and its association with plastic-based food contact materials},
author = {Z Md Nor and Z Md Isa and S N Yusof and H F Ghazi and M H Jaafar},
url = {https://www.scopus.com/inward/record.uri?eid=2-s2.0-85083863826&doi=10.3126%2fjnps.v38i3.20671&partnerID=40&md5=13ffb01477ac798ebd7d430305d0a73a},
doi = {10.3126/jnps.v38i3.20671},
issn = {19907974},
year = {2018},
date = {2018-01-01},
journal = {Journal of Nepal Paediatric Society},
volume = {38},
number = {3},
pages = {182-189},
publisher = {Nepal Paediatric Society (NEPAS)},
abstract = {Introduction: Autism is a neuropsychiatric disorder. Multiple factors have been identified as causes of autism spectrum disorder. Many studies indicated genetic as the main risk factor, but environmental risk factors are also seen as contributing factors. Exposure to environmental pollutants such as endocrine disrupting chemicals (EDCs) can occur as early as in the mother’s womb. The main concern of EDCs in food packaging are Bisphenol A (BPA) and phthalates. The objectives of this study are to develop and validate a questionnaire for the assessment of habitual usage of plastic-based food contact materials (FCM) as a proxy for exposure to this group of EDCs. Material and Methods: The questionnaire developed by organising a focus group discussion among experts. An interview-guided pilot study was then done to 250 respondents for construct validation process. In the validation process, test-retest study for reliability, Cronbach alpha for internal consistency, exploratory factor analysis and confirmatory factor analysis were done. Results: The questionnaire achieved kappa value ranged between 0.800 to 0.900 for knowledge, 0.610 to 0.815 for perception and 0.607 to 1.000 for self-care product section. Cronbach alpha value ranged between 0.600 to 0.780. Conclusions: Exploratory and confirmatory factor analysis approved the final model for phase one consisting of four domains with total of 13 items and final model for phase two consists of three domains with total of nine items. © 2020, Nepal Paediatric Society (NEPAS). All rights reserved.},
note = {cited By 0},
keywords = {4' Isopropylidenediphenol, Article, Autism, Confirmatory Factor Analysis, Cronbach Alpha Coefficient, Endocrine Disruptor, Environmental Exposure, Environmental Factor, Exploratory Factor Analysis, Food Packaging, Human, Internal Consistency, Phthalic Acid, Plastic, Process Development, Questionnaires, Test Retest Reliability, Validation Process},
pubstate = {published},
tppubtype = {article}
}

@article{Nor201463,
title = {Does Bisphenol A contribute to autism spectrum disorder?},
author = {Z M Nor and S N Yusof and H F Ghazi and Z M Isa},
url = {https://www.scopus.com/inward/record.uri?eid=2-s2.0-84939185210&partnerID=40&md5=57e7aabc3aa2ec1ab51747608ab6a9b2},
issn = {09728228},
year = {2014},
date = {2014-01-01},
journal = {Current Topics in Toxicology},
volume = {10},
pages = {63-70},
publisher = {Research Trends},
abstract = {Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD) includes a range of conditions classified as neurodevelopmental disorders that have an onset from infancy. Multiple factors have been identified as causes for the autism spectrum disorder; however, the cascade of the disease is still not clearly defined. An increasing number of cases have been reported globally, for instance in US, UK, Canada and Australia. Environmental factors were suspected to be one of the causes. Bisphenol A (BPA) is an Endocrine Disruptor Compound (EDC) and used primarily as a monomer for the production of polycarbonate and epoxy resins, especially in feeding bottles for infants. Ongoing discussions are currently in progress on the reported low-dose effects of BPA, particularly its neurodevelopmental and behavioural effects. Many countries have banned the usage of BPA due to its harmful effects on children. This review aims at presenting an overview of the association between exposure to BPA and the neurobehavioural changes it triggers in children. Articles were obtained from the Science Direct and ProQuest search engines. The keywords used in the search were 'BPA' or 'bisphenol A' and áutism'. Fourty-seven articles were shortlisted, of which only five that fulfilled the requisite criteria were selected for review. All of them were cohort studies. Overall, an association has been established between prenatal and childhood exposure to BPA and neurobehavioural changes. The exposure during pregnancy was observed to have a greater impact on children. Earlier exposure during the prenatal period resulted in stronger associations. However, no association was found between BPA concentration of the child and neurobehavioural outcomes.},
note = {cited By 1},
keywords = {4' Isopropylidenediphenol, Article, Autism, Behaviour Change, Disease Association, Environmental Factor, First Pass Effect, Human, Population, Pregnancy, Prenatal Period},
pubstate = {published},
tppubtype = {article}
}