@conference{Shamsuddin2013324,
title = {A Qualitative method to analyze response in robotic intervention for children with autism},
author = {S Shamsuddin and H Yussof and F A Hanapiah and S Mohamed},
url = {https://www.scopus.com/inward/record.uri?eid=2-s2.0-84889566919&doi=10.1109%2fROMAN.2013.6628477&partnerID=40&md5=81cd5bf09c75f3d9e6ed4a23ce2362e5},
doi = {10.1109/ROMAN.2013.6628477},
isbn = {9781479905072},
year = {2013},
date = {2013-01-01},
journal = {Proceedings - IEEE International Workshop on Robot and Human Interactive Communication},
pages = {324-325},
abstract = {This paper presents a method to carry out qualitative analysis when evaluating the interaction between child and robot in autism intervention. The technique consists of 24-items of behavioral assessment which was referenced to the Gilliam Autism Rating Scale-Second Edition (GARS-2). GARS-2 is a screening instrument used to identify and diagnose autism. Preliminary results from a pilot study show that this method had allowed qualitative observation to be carried out to compare the behavior of autistic children with and without the presence of a robot. The feasibility of this technique will be further justified through future wide-spread studies involving a larger number of children spanning across the whole spectrum of autism. © 2013 IEEE.},
note = {cited By 2},
keywords = {Autism Intervention, Autistic Children, Behavioral Assessment, Children with Autism, Communication, Diseases, Qualitative Analysis, Qualitative Method, Qualitative Observations, Robotics, Robots, Screening Instruments},
pubstate = {published},
tppubtype = {conference}
}

@conference{Malik2013,
title = {Feasibility of using a humanoid robot to elicit communicational response in children with mild autism},
author = {N A Malik and S Shamsuddin and H Yussof and M A Miskam and A C Hamid},
url = {https://www.scopus.com/inward/record.uri?eid=2-s2.0-84893647308&doi=10.1088%2f1757-899X%2f53%2f1%2f012077&partnerID=40&md5=c051904f309ab9556d90458decb88f21},
doi = {10.1088/1757-899X/53/1/012077},
issn = {17578981},
year = {2013},
date = {2013-01-01},
journal = {IOP Conference Series: Materials Science and Engineering},
volume = {53},
number = {1},
abstract = {Research evidences are accumulating with regards to the potential use of robots for the rehabilitation of children with autism. The purpose of this paper is to elaborate on the results of communicational response in two children with autism during interaction with the humanoid robot NAO. Both autistic subjects in this study have been diagnosed with mild autism. Following the outcome from our first pilot study; the aim of this current experiment is to explore the application of NAO robot to engage with a child and further teach about emotions through a game-centered and song-based approach. The experiment procedure involved interaction between humanoid robot NAO with each child through a series of four different modules. The observation items are based on ten items selected and referenced to GARS-2 (Gilliam Autism Rating Scale-second edition) and also input from clinicians and therapists. The results clearly indicated that both of the children showed optimistic response through the interaction. Negative responses such as feeling scared or shying away from the robot were not detected. Two-way communication between the child and robot in real time significantly gives positive impact in the responses towards the robot. To conclude, it is feasible to include robot-based interaction specifically to elicit communicational response as a part of the rehabilitation intervention of children with autism. © Published under licence by IOP Publishing Ltd.},
note = {cited By 5},
keywords = {Anthropomorphic Robots, Children with Autism, Diseases, Education, Experiments, Humanoid Robot, Humanoid Robot NAO, Patient Rehabilitation, Pilot Studies, Real Time, Two-Way Communications},
pubstate = {published},
tppubtype = {conference}
}

@conference{Shams2013,
title = {Source-temporal-features for detection EEG behavior of autism spectrum disorder},
author = {W K Shams and A Wahab},
url = {https://www.scopus.com/inward/record.uri?eid=2-s2.0-84879037124&doi=10.1109%2fICT4M.2013.6518913&partnerID=40&md5=db31715811e1e8fdf62c9d61daf8e6f6},
doi = {10.1109/ICT4M.2013.6518913},
isbn = {9781479901340},
year = {2013},
date = {2013-01-01},
journal = {2013 5th International Conference on Information and Communication Technology for the Muslim World, ICT4M 2013},
abstract = {This study introduces a new model to capture the abnormal brain activity of children with Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD) during eyes open and eyes closed resting conditions. EEG data was collected from normal subjects' ages (4 to 9) years and ASD subjects match group. Time Difference of Arrival (TDOA) approach was applied with EEG data raw for feature extracted at time domain. The neural network, Multilayer Perception (MLP) was used to distinguish between the two groups during the two tasks. Results show significant accuracy around 98% for both tasks and clearly discriminate for the features in z-dimension his electronic document is a "live" template and already defines the components of your paper [title, text, heads, etc.] in its style sheet. © 2013 IEEE.},
note = {cited By 1},
keywords = {ASD, Autism Spectrum Disorders, Brain Activity, Children with Autism, Classification (of information), Communication, Diseases, Electroencephalography, Electronic Document, Information Technology, Multi-Layer Perception, Temporal Features, Time Difference of Arrival},
pubstate = {published},
tppubtype = {conference}
}

@conference{Manap201326,
title = {Computer game approach focusing on social communication skills for children with Autism Spectrum Disorder: An initial study},
author = {A A Manap and S R Dehkordi and R M Rias and N A Sardan},
editor = {Soewito Bououdina B M Chen M.-S. Gaol F.L.},
url = {https://www.scopus.com/inward/record.uri?eid=2-s2.0-84937138693&partnerID=40&md5=0a35258c8d4d2f61296da695c5ef765f},
isbn = {9789462520028},
year = {2013},
date = {2013-01-01},
journal = {2013 International Conference on Computer Graphics, Visualization, Computer Vision, and Game Technology, VisioGame 2013},
pages = {26-31},
publisher = {Atlantis Press},
abstract = {Autism Spectrum Disorders (ASD) and autism are both general terms for a group of complex disorders of brain development. ASD is characterized by difficulties with communication, social deficits, stereotyped or repetitive behaviours and interests. One of the major reasons behind the push to use technology and multimedia to assist interaction with children diagnosed with ASD is that they have shown a preference for, as well as a fascination with, "visual stimuli" such as computer applications, games, and videos. Primordial purpose of this study is to synthesize a survey regarding social problems and situations faced by children with autism. A number of questionnaires for parents and teachers with a semi-structured interview for five doctors and eleven therapists were conducted to identify basic problems of children with Autism and psychological methods for each problem. © 2014. The authors - Published by Atlantis Press.},
note = {cited By 0},
keywords = {Autism Spectrum Disorders, Brain Development, Children with Autism, Complex Disorder, Computer Games, Computer Graphics, Computer Vision, Diseases, Education, Games, Semi Structured Interviews, Social Communications, Social Skills, Surveys, Teaching},
pubstate = {published},
tppubtype = {conference}
}

@conference{Kamaruzaman2013174,
title = {Conceptual framework study of basic counting skills based dynamic visual architecture towards autistic children's development},
author = {M F Kamaruzaman and S H A Rahman and K Z Abdullah and R Anwar},
url = {https://www.scopus.com/inward/record.uri?eid=2-s2.0-84883104147&doi=10.1109%2fBEIAC.2013.6560108&partnerID=40&md5=4ca69047980f1916b4fea0044cc637f0},
doi = {10.1109/BEIAC.2013.6560108},
isbn = {9781467359689},
year = {2013},
date = {2013-01-01},
journal = {BEIAC 2013 - 2013 IEEE Business Engineering and Industrial Applications Colloquium},
pages = {174-176},
abstract = {For individual with autism, the opportunity to achieve self-determination may be critical to enhance their quality of life. To achieve self-determination and independence, autism patience need to comprehend the learning basic skill system. Since calculation is used in everyday living, understanding the basic calculation skills is one way individual with autism can help achieve independence. The important of calculation especially mathematics in everyday living should not be overlooked for children's with autism. The opportunities to be paid and purchase goods are ways individuals with disabilities can achieve autonomy and independence. For students with autism, learning basic counting skills are important not only for their academic careers but also for their future independence. Our study plans to investigate the counting basic skills based dynamic visual for students with autism that will potentially assist educators, facilitators and curriculum developers to create appropriate instrument and instructional programs to meet students' academic needs. A theoretical model for basic counting skills for autism children's development is to be proposed from the outcome of this study. The next step will be to validate the integrated model proposed which will be conducted through a series of hypothesis testing which includes improved enthusiasm, augmented sense of worth and enhanced analytical. Perhaps more importantly, this research may help students acquire the essential skills they will need for future independence. © 2013 IEEE.},
note = {cited By 7},
keywords = {Academic Careers, Autistic Children, Calculations, Children with Autism, Conceptual Framework, Curricula, Diseases, Hypothesis Testing, Industrial Applications, Integrated Modeling, Motivation, Self Independence, Students, Theoretical Modeling},
pubstate = {published},
tppubtype = {conference}
}

@conference{Mustafa2013201,
title = {Framework methodology of the Autism children - Vibratory haptic interface (AC-VHI)},
author = {M Mustafa and H Arshad and H B Zaman},
url = {https://www.scopus.com/inward/record.uri?eid=2-s2.0-84904211710&doi=10.1109%2fACSAT.2013.47&partnerID=40&md5=12c910cd01ef0874e09e8e51e2c00b3c},
doi = {10.1109/ACSAT.2013.47},
isbn = {9781479927586},
year = {2013},
date = {2013-01-01},
journal = {Proceedings - 2013 International Conference on Advanced Computer Science Applications and Technologies, ACSAT 2013},
pages = {201-206},
publisher = {IEEE Computer Society},
abstract = {This paper provides the Framework Methodology of the Autism Children -Vibratory Haptic Interface (AC-VHI) conducted on the mild autism children who have impairment in social interaction. This paper has exclusively explored problems faced by Malaysian autistic children in a National Autism Society at Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia. It also has been conducted at two locations: the classroom and the court of the National Autism Society in Malaysia (NASOM), Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia. The paper has sampled 20 children with mild autism, who have impairment in social interaction, based on the records of the National Autism Society of Malaysia. The sample collection method followed the purposive sampling approach, which is a form of non-probability sampling that allowed us to choose a case, because it illustrates some features or processes, in which we are interested. The framework included three main three process which are Process one, process Two and Process Three. This's three processes of the framework was suitable with the area of research and could to accomplish objectives of this research in helping the autism children to interact and communicate effectively with their families, friends and the broad community. The framework included three main three process which are Process one, process Two and Process Three. This's three processes of the framework was suitable with the area of research and could to accomplish objectives of this research in helping the autism children to interact and communicate effectively with their families, friends and the broad community. © 2013 IEEE.},
note = {cited By 1},
keywords = {Autistic Children, Children with Autism, Diseases, Haptic Interfaces, Malaysia, Malaysian, Mice, Mild Autism, Probability Sampling, Sample Collection, Social Interactions, Structured Observation},
pubstate = {published},
tppubtype = {conference}
}

@conference{Shamsuddin2012188,
title = {Initial response of autistic children in human-robot interaction therapy with humanoid robot NAO},
author = {S Shamsuddin and H Yussof and L Ismail and F A Hanapiah and S Mohamed and H A Piah and N I Zahari},
url = {https://www.scopus.com/inward/record.uri?eid=2-s2.0-84861537641&doi=10.1109%2fCSPA.2012.6194716&partnerID=40&md5=32572eb3ebc7d201c02a90908128ae28},
doi = {10.1109/CSPA.2012.6194716},
isbn = {9781467309615},
year = {2012},
date = {2012-01-01},
journal = {Proceedings - 2012 IEEE 8th International Colloquium on Signal Processing and Its Applications, CSPA 2012},
pages = {188-193},
abstract = {The overall context proposed in this paper is part of our long-standing goal to contribute to a group of community that suffers from Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD); a lifelong developmental disability. The objective of this paper is to present the development of our pilot experiment protocol where children with ASD will be exposed to the humanoid robot NAO. This fully programmable humanoid offers an ideal research platform for human-robot interaction (HRI). This study serves as the platform for fundamental investigation to observe the initial response and behavior of the children in the said environment. The system utilizes external cameras, besides the robot's own visual system. Anticipated results are the real initial response and reaction of ASD children during the HRI with the humanoid robot. This shall leads to adaptation of new procedures in ASD therapy based on HRI, especially for a non-technical-expert person to be involved in the robotics intervention during the therapy session. © 2012 IEEE.},
note = {cited By 103},
keywords = {Anthropomorphic Robots, Autism Spectrum Disorders, Autistic Children, Children with Autism, Developmental Disorders, Diseases, Human Computer Interaction, Human Robot Interaction, Humanoid Robot, Man Machine Systems, Pilot Experiment, Rehabilitation Robotics, Research, Robotics, Signal Processing, Visual Systems},
pubstate = {published},
tppubtype = {conference}
}

@conference{Ismail2011517,
title = {Face detection technique of Humanoid Robot NAO for application in robotic assistive therapy},
author = {L Ismail and S Shamsuddin and H Yussof and H Hashim and S Bahari and A Jaafar and I Zahari},
url = {https://www.scopus.com/inward/record.uri?eid=2-s2.0-84862067305&doi=10.1109%2fICCSCE.2011.6190580&partnerID=40&md5=954caf63c5c5f7f05062436598a32a91},
doi = {10.1109/ICCSCE.2011.6190580},
isbn = {9781457716423},
year = {2011},
date = {2011-01-01},
journal = {Proceedings - 2011 IEEE International Conference on Control System, Computing and Engineering, ICCSCE 2011},
pages = {517-521},
abstract = {This paper proposed a face detection method for tracking the faces of children with Autism Spectrum Disorder in a robotic assistive therapy. The face detection is a novel approach in robotic assistive therapy involving autistic children since it is believe that those children will positively react with high-end devices, gadget and cutting edge devices. The intention of tracking the autistic children's faces is to measure the concentration level of the children in social interaction and communication since everyone knows that those children are suffering from communication disabilities and deficits due to brain developmental disorder. Humanoid Robot Nao with 573.2mm height equipped with 2 internal cameras is utilized for this research. The face detection tools in choregraphe and telepathe based on Graphical User Interface (GUI) module is used in this study. The non-verbal interaction between humanoid robot and autistic children is recorded by using 2 internal cameras from the robot's head. The interaction is going to take about 30 minutes and supervised by occupational therapist and certified psychologist. The autistic children will be introduced to the Humanoid Robot Nao and their reaction will be recorded simultaneously while the robot is trying to track their faces. © 2011 IEEE.},
note = {cited By 14},
keywords = {Anthropomorphic Robots, Assistive, Autism Spectrum Disorders, Autistic Children, Cameras, Children with Autism, Communication, Concentration Levels, Control Systems, Cutting Edges, Detection Tools, Developmental Disorders, Diseases, Face Detection, Face Recognition, Graphical User Interfaces, Humanoid Robot, Robotics, Social Interactions},
pubstate = {published},
tppubtype = {conference}
}

@conference{Razali2011536,
title = {2D Affective Space Model (ASM) for detecting autistic children},
author = {N Razali and A Wahab},
url = {https://www.scopus.com/inward/record.uri?eid=2-s2.0-80052392399&doi=10.1109%2fISCE.2011.5973888&partnerID=40&md5=f6ea401148e6558b861e4df6407e527e},
doi = {10.1109/ISCE.2011.5973888},
isbn = {9781612848433},
year = {2011},
date = {2011-01-01},
journal = {Proceedings of the International Symposium on Consumer Electronics, ISCE},
pages = {536-541},
abstract = {There are many research works have been done on autism cases using brain imaging techniques. In this paper, the Electroencephalogram (EEG) was used to understand and analyze the functionality of the brain to identify or detect brain disorder for autism in term of motor imitation. Thus, the portability and affordability of the EEG equipment makes it a better choice in comparison with other brain imaging device such as functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI), positron emission tomography (PET) and megnetoencephalography (MEG). Data collection consists of both autistic and normal children with the total of 6 children for each group. All subjects were asked to clinch their hand by following video stimuli which presented in 1 minute time. Gaussian mixture model was used as a method of feature extraction for analyzing the brain signals in frequency domain. Then, the extraction data were classified using multilayer perceptron (MLP). According to the verification result, the percentage of discriminating between both groups is up to 85% in average by using k-fold validation. © 2011 IEEE.},
note = {cited By 8},
keywords = {Autistic Children, Brain Disorders, Brain Imaging, Brain Imaging Techniques, Brain Signals, Children with Autism, Consumer Electronics, Data Collection, Diseases, Electroencephalogram, Electroencephalography, Feature Extraction, Frequency Domains, Functional Magnetic Resonance Imaging, Gaussian Mixture Model, Magnetic Resonance Imaging, Multi Layer Perceptron, Multilayer Perceptron, Multilayers, Positron Emission Tomography, Resonance, Space Models, Verification Results},
pubstate = {published},
tppubtype = {conference}
}

@conference{Masuri2011813,
title = {The effects of animal assisted therapy in improving attention among autistic children},
author = {M G Masuri and N S Musa and K A M Isa},
url = {https://www.scopus.com/inward/record.uri?eid=2-s2.0-84858995499&doi=10.1109%2fCHUSER.2011.6163849&partnerID=40&md5=1f29b24b9c2f78766401528f4e40a41d},
doi = {10.1109/CHUSER.2011.6163849},
isbn = {9781467300193},
year = {2011},
date = {2011-01-01},
journal = {2011 IEEE Colloquium on Humanities, Science and Engineering, CHUSER 2011},
pages = {813-818},
abstract = {Objective. This study examines the effect of Animal Assisted Therapy (AAT) towards improving attention among Autistic children. Method. A single case study using ABA design was used to measure duration of attention and errors omitted using Mesulam Continuous Performance Test (CPT) across three phases among 4 participants. Task Behavior/ Completion section in School Function Assessment (SFA) was given to teachers to rate student performance before and after intervention phase. Results. Results from this study showed that AAT did not improve attention and task behavior among 4 participants. However there is noted slight increase in attention among participants during the intervention phase. All participants also had slight decrease in attention during withdrawal phase. Decreases in numbers of errors omitted in CPM were noted in all participants during intervention phase. Conversely, all participants except participant 4 had increase in numbers of errors omitted during withdrawal phase. Result from Task behavior also showed no improvement. Conclusions. The findings from this study demonstrate that AAT did not improve attention and task behavior among Autistic children. However, the findings suggest that AAT can be one of treatment approach among Autistics children. Further study with longer timelines is needed to demonstrate a much better outcome as well as to ensure that the impact of the interventions really give an effect to the sample. © 2011 IEEE.},
note = {cited By 0},
keywords = {Animals, Autism, Autistic Children, Behavioral Research, Children with Autism, Errors, Performance Tests, Sensory Integration, Student Performance, Students, Three Phasis},
pubstate = {published},
tppubtype = {conference}
}

@conference{Razali2010,
title = {Motor movement for autism spectrum disorder (ASD) detection},
author = {N Razali and A W A Rahman},
url = {https://www.scopus.com/inward/record.uri?eid=2-s2.0-80052346152&doi=10.1109%2fICT4M.2010.5971921&partnerID=40&md5=234cdd8f3906ad980ed163a1036215ee},
doi = {10.1109/ICT4M.2010.5971921},
isbn = {9789791948913},
year = {2010},
date = {2010-01-01},
journal = {Proceeding of the 3rd International Conference on Information and Communication Technology for the Moslem World: ICT Connecting Cultures, ICT4M 2010},
pages = {E90-E95},
abstract = {In this paper, we are looking at the differences between autistic and normal children in term of fine motor movement. Previous findings have shown that there are differences between autistic children and normal children when performing a simple motor movement tasks. Imitating a finger tapping and clinching a hand are two examples of a simple motor movement tasks. Our study had adopted one of the video stimuli for clinching the hand from Brainmarkers. 6 selected autistic children and 6 selected normal children were involved in this study. The data collection is using EEG device and will be analyzed using Gaussian mixture model (GMM) and Multilayer perceptron (MLP) as classifier to discriminate between autistic and normal children. Experimental result shows the potential of verifying between autistic and normal children with accuracy of 92%. The potential of using these techniques to identify autistic children can help early detection for the purpose of early intervention. Moreover, the spectrums of the signals also present big differences between the two groups. © 2010 IEEE.},
note = {cited By 3},
keywords = {Autism, Autism Spectrum Disorders, Autistic Children, Children with Autism, Data Collection, Diseases, Early Detection, Early Intervention, Finger Tapping, Gaussian Mixture Model, Information Technology, Motor Movements, Multi Layer Perceptron, Multilayer Perceptron (MLP), Multilayers},
pubstate = {published},
tppubtype = {conference}
}

@conference{Othman2010315,
title = {Understanding autistic children perception through EEG},
author = {M Othman and A Wahab},
url = {https://www.scopus.com/inward/record.uri?eid=2-s2.0-84883660524&partnerID=40&md5=df9dac75053fbfa693b4823d5a0a77ad},
isbn = {9781617820267},
year = {2010},
date = {2010-01-01},
journal = {23rd International Conference on Computer Applications in Industry and Engineering 2010, CAINE 2010 - Including SNA 2010 Workshop},
pages = {315-320},
abstract = {Autistic children are known as having difficulties understanding human's facial expressions, making them incapable of interpreting the emotional states of others. This paper seeks to understand autistic children perception by analyzing brain signals using MFCC and MLP. An empirical study was conducted on 6 autistic and 6 typically developing children. Subjects' brainwaves were monitored while watching calm, happy and sad faces. Experimental results show that it is possible to discriminate the emotions of autistic children against control subjects with the accuracy of 76.61%. Brainwaves of autistic children also showed the trend of reversed emotions compared to normal children while watching happy and sad faces.},
note = {cited By 0},
keywords = {Autism Spectrum Disorders, Autistic Children, Behavioral Research, Children with Autism, Computer Applications, Control Subject, Electroencephalography, Emotion, Emotional State, Empirical Studies, Facial Expression, Mel Frequency Cepstral Coefficients, Multilayer-Percheptron (MLP), Speech Recognition},
pubstate = {published},
tppubtype = {conference}
}

@conference{Ismail2009299,
title = {Developing learning software for children with learning disabilities through block-based development approach},
author = {A Ismail and N Omar and A M Zin},
url = {https://www.scopus.com/inward/record.uri?eid=2-s2.0-70449731050&doi=10.1109%2fICEEI.2009.5254772&partnerID=40&md5=20affae3e6e2e65aeb077b0827ec63f1},
doi = {10.1109/ICEEI.2009.5254772},
isbn = {9781424449132},
year = {2009},
date = {2009-01-01},
journal = {Proceedings of the 2009 International Conference on Electrical Engineering and Informatics, ICEEI 2009},
volume = {1},
pages = {299-303},
abstract = {Children with learning disability such as autism who have serious impairments with social, emotional, and communication skills require a high degree of personalization in using the educational software develop for them. The aim of this paper is to propose Block-Based Software Development method and approach that enables the end-users (such as parents and teachers) to build application software to suit the different need of an autistic child. This research hopefully can produce useful tailorable learning software in order to assist educating autistic children. © 2009 IEEE.},
note = {cited By 12},
keywords = {Application Softwares, Autistic Children, Children with Autism, Communication Skills, Computer Software, Development Approach, Education, Educational Software, Electrical Engineering, End-users, Handicapped Persons, Learning, Learning Disorder, Personalizations, Software Design, Software Development, Software Development Methods},
pubstate = {published},
tppubtype = {conference}
}