@article{Adib2019b,
title = {Perceived stress among caregivers of children with autism spectrum disorder: A state-wide study},
author = {N A N Adib and M I Ibrahim and A A Rahman and R S Bakar and N A Yahaya and S Hussin and W N A Wan Mansor},
url = {https://www.scopus.com/inward/record.uri?eid=2-s2.0-85065303613&doi=10.3390%2fijerph16081468&partnerID=40&md5=fc871375f0d307a95820cd87c57ea270},
doi = {10.3390/ijerph16081468},
issn = {16617827},
year = {2019},
date = {2019-01-01},
journal = {International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health},
volume = {16},
number = {8},
publisher = {MDPI AG},
abstract = {Background: Caregivers of children with autism spectrum disorder (ASD) experience increased stress and more significant negative caregiving consequences than those with typically developing children. There is a lack of studies specifically focusing on stress among caregivers with ASD children in Asian countries. The current study examines levels of perceived stress and factors associated with it among caregivers in Kelantan, Malaysia. Methods: In a cross-sectional study, the Malay version of the Perceived Stress Scale (PSS) was administered to 227 caregivers of children with ASD. The caregivers were recruited from ASD databases in four tertiary hospitals in Kelantan and a meeting was set up during the child’s follow-up in the clinic. Multiple linear regression analyses were applied to determine the predictors of perceived stress. Results: The mean total perceived stress score was 20.84 (4.72). This was considered higher than average. Higher perceived stress was significantly predicted among caregivers who live far from the health institution, caregivers who do not own transportation to bring the child to the treatment center, and caregivers who have an ASD child with a learning disability. Conclusion: Caregivers of an ASD child perceived significant stress while taking care of their children. Institutions should alleviate the factors that were predicted to increase the caregivers’ perceived stress to improve the quality of the lives of children and ASD families as a whole. © 2019 by the authors. Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland.},
note = {cited By 0},
keywords = {Adaptation, Adolescent, Adult, Article, Autism, Autism Spectrum Disorders, Caregiver, Caregiver Burden, Child Care, Children, Coping Behaviour, Cross-Sectional Study, Female, Follow Up, Health Care, Health Care Access, Human, Infant, Learning Disorder, Malaysia, Male, Mental Stress, Middle Aged, Multiple Linear Regression Analysis, Newborn, Normal Human, Patient Transport, Perceived Stress Scale, Prediction, Preschool, Preschool Child, Psychological, Psychology, Psychometrics, Psychometry, Quality of Life, Stress, Tertiary Care Center, University Hospital},
pubstate = {published},
tppubtype = {article}
}

@article{Bhagat20157,
title = {Parent’s self-efficacy, emotionality, and intellectual ability impacting the intervention of autism spectrum disorders: A review proposed model for appraisal of intervention},
author = {V Bhagat and J Jayaraj and M Haque},
url = {https://www.scopus.com/inward/record.uri?eid=2-s2.0-84946575464&partnerID=40&md5=7384d5557b767097e456dee7c79128f7},
issn = {09751491},
year = {2015},
date = {2015-01-01},
journal = {International Journal of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences},
volume = {7},
number = {11},
pages = {7-12},
publisher = {International Journal of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Science},
abstract = {Autism spectrum disorder (ASD) may affect all domains of a child’s life. Indeed, it impacts not only the child but also parents and siblings, causing disturbances in the family. The experience of parents with an autism spectrum disorder can be devastating; they have a demanding need to cope with complex situations in their lives. The presence of pervasive and severe deficits in children with ASD increases the adjusting demands of parents in their life situations, thus, nudging them into distress which in turn incapacitate them and lowers their efficiency to deal with these situations thereby reducing their self-efficacy. These parents are found with disturbances in emotional and intellectual components of their personalities. They end up being shattered in their interpersonal relationship and family life. Indeed, these aspects of parental distress rank lower in position and the focus rests on the treatment of ASD. Thus, the management of ASD incapacitating the parents of the deficit children to reach their fullest abilities remains questionable. Therefore, the objectives of this study are a) to examine the impact of emotionality, intellectual ability and self-efficacy of the intervention of autism spectrum disorder. b) To propose a new intervention model for ASD incorporating self-efficacy, emotional and mental ability c) To suggest the integration of this new model with the current intervention regimens to ensure better efficacy. This study, based on past evidence has keenly, examined the correlation of intellectual ability, emotionality and self-efficacy with the intervention of autism spectrum disorder. The results reveal that emotional and intellectual disturbances and impaired self-efficacy in the parents of children with ASD have an adverse impact on the intervention of ASD. A new model of intervention for ASD encompassing the above-mentioned essential components of parents’ personality has been proposed, and its integration with the existing treatment regimens has been suggested to reap an improved outcome. The study concludes by observing the fact that considerable improvement in the diagnosed child may not ameliorate the parent and family distress already present, especially at the time and expense of intervention can be even more detrimental to the overall personality of the parents. The new proposed model of intervention can pave the way for further research in this regard. © 2015, International Journal of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Science. All rights reserved.},
note = {cited By 3},
keywords = {Anxiety, Autism, Caregiver, Child Behaviour, Child Parent Relation, Cognition, Coping Behaviour, Distress Syndrome, Emotion, Emotionality, Human, Intelligence, Mental Capacity, Parental Stress, Parents, Phenotype, Review, Self Concept},
pubstate = {published},
tppubtype = {article}
}

@article{Bhagat2015403,
title = {The peripheral focus on the psychological parameters of parents of autistic children in the intervention methods: A review and recommending the strategy, focusing psychological parameters of parents of autistic children in intervention methods},
author = {V Bhagat and N Bin Simbak and M Haque},
url = {https://www.scopus.com/inward/record.uri?eid=2-s2.0-84959853109&doi=10.5530%2fjyp.2015.4s.1&partnerID=40&md5=ed5b5faede6650d1249a902d7201ed43},
doi = {10.5530/jyp.2015.4s.1},
issn = {09751483},
year = {2015},
date = {2015-01-01},
journal = {Journal of Young Pharmacists},
volume = {7},
number = {4},
pages = {403-414},
publisher = {EManuscript Services},
abstract = {The experience of parents with an Autism Spectrum Disorders (ASD) can be devastating. Parents and families have to cope with the compound, demanding situation in their life. The presence of pervasive and severe deficits in children with ASD increases the adjusting demands of parent's in their life situations. Those coping with life complexity with the parents of ASD nudge them into stress later into distress slowly incapacitates them that of their efficiency to deal with this situation. These parents are found with disturbances in their psychological parameters such as social, sexual, economic, and emotional. Perhaps this shatters them from their interpersonal relationship and family life. Indeed, these aspects of parental distress stand lower in position, and the focus goes with the treatment of ASD. Thus, the management of ASD by these parents to their deficit child capacitating to reach their fullest abilities remains questionable. Thus, there is a need for intervention of autistic children with a peripheral focus on psychological parameters of parents of ASD. This review study focuses on division of attention required for the treatment of ASD towards the child with autism and the parents who manage them.},
note = {cited By 0},
keywords = {Autism, Coping Behaviour, Decision Making, Disease Severity, Economic Aspect, Emotion, Emotionality, Experience, Human, Human Relation, Intervention Study, Parental Attitude, Parental Stress, Priority Journal, Psychological Well Being, Review, Satisfaction, Social Behaviour, Strategic Planning},
pubstate = {published},
tppubtype = {article}
}

@article{Alwi2014369,
title = {Psychological distress among parents having offspring with autism spectrum disorder (ASD) - A clinical view point},
author = {N Alwi and D Harun and L J Henry},
url = {https://www.scopus.com/inward/record.uri?eid=2-s2.0-84927968335&doi=10.1016%2fj.dhjo.2014.04.008&partnerID=40&md5=a07c401e41bcac2ae5884cd4e8b8db30},
doi = {10.1016/j.dhjo.2014.04.008},
issn = {19366574},
year = {2014},
date = {2014-01-01},
journal = {Disability and Health Journal},
volume = {7},
number = {4},
pages = {369-370},
publisher = {Elsevier Inc.},
note = {cited By 1},
keywords = {Autism, Autism Spectrum Disorders, Caregiver, Child Parent Relation, Coping Behaviour, Counseling, Depression, Disabled Person, Disabled Persons, Distress Syndrome, Family, Human, Letter, Marriage, Mental Stress, Parental Stress, Parents, Priority Journal, Progeny, Psychological, Psychological Well Being, Psychology, Single Parent, Social Status, Stress, Wellbeing},
pubstate = {published},
tppubtype = {article}
}