@artikel{Jaafar2019135,
tajuk = {Parent-report instruments for assessing feeding difficulties in children with neurological impairments: a systematic review},
pengarang = {N H Jaafar and A Othman and N A Majid and S Harith and Z Zabidi-Hussin},
url = {https://www.scopus.com/inward/record.uri?eid=2-s2.0-85052789833&doi=10.1111%2fdmcn.13986&rakan kongsi = 40&md5=d02a2bfcd15a25988b9c23855cd87444},
doi = {10.1111/dmcn.13986},
terbitan = {00121622},
tahun = {2019},
tarikh = {2019-01-01},
jurnal = {Developmental Medicine and Child Neurology},
isi padu = {61},
nombor = {2},
halaman = {135-144},
penerbit = {Blackwell Publishing Ltd},
abstrak = {Aim: This study aimed to review the psychometric properties and clinical application of parent-report instruments that assess feeding difficulties in children with neurological impairments. Kaedah: Papers were identified through five electronic databases based on 15 keywords and were included if they met the following criteria: published in English, described the implementation of parent-report instruments, and included children with neurological impairments (either in the report or a related study population). Keputusan: In total, 1220 relevant abstracts were screened and 22 full-text articles were evaluated. The following six parent-report instruments met the inclusion criteria: (1) Screening Tool of Feeding Problems applied to children, (2) Paediatric Eating Assessment Tool, (3) Paediatric Assessment Scale for Severe Feeding Problems, (4) Montreal Children's Hospital Feeding Scale, (5) Children's Eating Behaviour Inventory, dan (6) Behavioural Paediatric Feeding Assessment Scale (BPFAS). Based on comprehensive psychometric testing and consistently good results, the BPFAS was considered the most valid and reliable instrument. The BPFAS also showed good clinical applicability because it was readily available, required a short administration time, and used a simple scoring system. Interpretation: We reviewed the available parent-report instruments for assessing feeding difficulties in children with neurological impairments. The BPFAS had the best psychometric properties and clinical applicability. What this paper adds: Six parent-report instruments were suitable for assessing feeding in children with neurological impairments. The Behavioural Paediatric Feeding Assessment Scale (BPFAS) has the strongest psychometric properties. The BPFAS also has good clinical applicability. © 2018 Mac Keith Press},
nota = {dipetik oleh 1},
kata kunci = {Assessment of Humans, Autisme, Behavioural Paediatric Feeding Assessment Scale, Caloric Intake, Tingkah Laku Kanak-kanak, Hubungan Ibu Bapa Anak, Childhood Disease, Anak-anak, Children's Eating Behaviour Inventory, Komplikasi, Construct Validity, Content Validity, Criterion Related Validity, Cystic Fibrosis, Gangguan Makan, Enalapril Maleate, Eosinophilic Gastrointestinal Disorder, Esophagus Atresia, Feeding, Feeding and Eating Disorders, Tingkah Laku Makan, Kesukaran Memberi Makan, Pengambilan makanan, Manusia, Nervous System Diseases, Neurologic Disease, Penilaian Pemakanan, Ibu bapa, Pediatric Assessment Scale for Severe Feeding Problem, Pediatric Eating Assessment Tool, Nilai Ramalan, Prasekolah, Kanak-kanak Prasekolah, Jurnal Keutamaan, Prosedur, Psikologi, Psikometrik, Psikometri, Kualiti hidup, Receiver Operating Characteristic, Kaji semula, Sistem Pemarkahan, Self Disclosure, Kepekaan dan Kekhususan, Syndrome CHARGE, Kajian Sistematik, Test Retest Reliability},
pubstate = {diterbitkan},
tppubtype = {artikel}
}

@artikel{Toh201828,
tajuk = {Ketepatan Senarai Semak Perubahan untuk Autisme pada Kanak-kanak (M-CHAT) dalam Mengesan Autisme dan Gangguan Perkembangan Lain di Klinik Komuniti},
pengarang = {T -H Toh dan V W -Y Tan dan P S -T Lau dan A Kiyu},
url = {https://www.scopus.com/inward/record.uri?eid = 2-s2.0-85028764085&doi=10.1007/s10803-017-3287-x&rakan kongsi = 40&md5 = 21bce2407197b8b1e43b4420d274861b},
doi = {10.1007/s10803-017-3287-x},
terbitan = {01623257},
tahun = {2018},
tarikh = {2018-01-01},
jurnal = {Jurnal Autisme dan Gangguan Perkembangan},
isi padu = {48},
nombor = {1},
halaman = {28-35},
penerbit = {Springer New York LLC},
abstrak = {Kajian ini menentukan ketepatan Senarai Semak Modifikasi untuk Autisme pada Balita (M-CHAT) dalam mengesan balita dengan gangguan spektrum autisme (ASD) dan gangguan perkembangan lain (DD) di klinik kesihatan ibu dan anak. Kami menganalisis 19,297 kanak-kanak yang layak (15–36 bulan) yang telah melakukan M-CHAT pada tahun 2006-2011. Sensitiviti keseluruhan untuk mengesan ASD dan semua DD adalah lemah tetapi lebih baik pada 21 ke <27 months and 27–36-month age cohorts (54.5–64.3%). Although positive predictive value (PPV) was poor for ASD, especially the younger cohort, positive M-CHAT helped in detecting all DD (PPV = 81.6%). This suggested M-CHAT for screening ASD was accurate for older cohorts (>21 bulan) dan alat saringan yang berguna untuk semua DD. © 2017, Springer Science + Media Perniagaan, LLC.},
nota = {dipetik oleh 9},
kata kunci = {Artikel, Autisme, Penilaian Autisme, Gangguan Spektrum Autisme, Senarai semak, Anak-anak, Analisis Kohort, Kajian Kohort, Pusat Kesihatan Komuniti, Gangguan Perkembangan, Ketepatan Diagnostik, Perempuan, Pusat kesihatan, Manusia, Bayi, Kajian Klinikal Utama, Malaysia, Lelaki, Pemeriksaan Massa, Senarai Semak yang Diubahsuai untuk Autisme pada Kanak-kanak, Hospital Pediatrik, Nilai Ramalan, Prasekolah, Kanak-kanak Prasekolah, Jurnal Keutamaan, Prosedur, Psikologi, Kajian Retrospektif, Kajian Retrospektif, Kepekaan dan Kekhususan, Piawaian, Kanak-kanak kecil},
pubstate = {diterbitkan},
tppubtype = {artikel}
}

@artikel{Hnoual2017,
tajuk = {Analisis microarray kromosom dalam kohort populasi yang kurang diwakili mengenal pasti SERINC2 sebagai gen calon baru untuk gangguan spektrum autisme},
pengarang = {A Hnoonual dan W Thammachote dan T Tim-Aroon dan K Rojnueangnit dan T Hansakunachai dan T Sombuntham dan R Roongpraiwan dan J Worachotekamjorn dan J Chuthapisith dan S Fucharoen dan D Wattanasirichaigoon dan N Ruangdaraganon dan P Limprasert dan N Jinawath},
url = {https://www.scopus.com/inward/record.uri?eid=2-s2.0-85029864969&doi=10.1038/s41598-017-12317-3&rakan kongsi = 40&md5=3c1b6a0c064665aab8ace8e8f58c2b01},
doi = {10.1038/s41598-017-12317-3},
terbitan = {20452322},
tahun = {2017},
tarikh = {2017-01-01},
jurnal = {Laporan Saintifik},
isi padu = {7},
nombor = {1},
penerbit = {Kumpulan Penerbitan Alam},
abstrak = {Mikroarray kromosom (CMA) kini diiktiraf sebagai ujian genetik peringkat pertama untuk pengesanan variasi nombor salinan (CNV) pada pesakit dengan gangguan spektrum autisme (ASD). Matlamat kajian ini adalah untuk mengenal pasti ASD-CNV yang diketahui dan baru yang berkaitan dan untuk menilai hasil diagnostik CMA dalam pesakit Thai dengan ASD. Infinium CytoSNP-850K BeadChip telah digunakan untuk mengesan CNV dalam 114 Pesakit Thai terdiri daripada 68 pesakit ASD retrospektif (kumpulan 1) dengan penggunaan CMA sebagai ujian baris kedua dan 46 bakal pesakit ASD dan kelewatan perkembangan (kumpulan 2) dengan penggunaan CMA sebagai ujian peringkat pertama. Kami mengenal pasti 7 (6.1%) CNV patogenik dan 22 (19.3%) varian kepentingan klinikal yang tidak pasti (ANDA). Sejumlah 29 pesakit dengan CNV patogen dan VOUS ditemui di 22% (15/68) dan 30.4% (14/46) daripada pesakit dalam kumpulan 1 dan 2, masing-masing. Perbezaan frekuensi CNV yang dikesan antara 2 kumpulan tidak signifikan secara statistik (Chi kuasa dua = 1.02},
nota = {dipetik oleh 6},
kata kunci = {Remaja, Autisme, Gangguan Spektrum Autisme, Anak-anak, Pemetaan Kromosom, Pemetaan Kromosom, Analisis Kohort, Kajian Kohort, Variasi Nombor Salin, Variasi Nombor Salinan DNA, Perempuan, Kecenderungan Genetik, Kecenderungan Genetik kepada Penyakit, Genetik, Manusia, Bayi, Lelaki, Protein Membran, Protein Membran, Analisis Mikroarray, Polimorfisme, Prasekolah, Kanak-kanak Prasekolah, Prosedur, SERINC2 Protein, Nukleotida Tunggal, Polimorfisme Nukleotida Tunggal},
pubstate = {diterbitkan},
tppubtype = {artikel}
}

@artikel{Shuib201777,
tajuk = {Penduaan 17p11.2 (Sindrom Potocki-Lupski) pada kanak-kanak yang mengalami kelewatan perkembangan},
pengarang = {S Shuib and N N Saaid and Z Zakaria and J Ismail and Z Abdul Latiff},
url = {https://www.scopus.com/inward/record.uri?eid=2-s2.0-85037028880&rakan kongsi = 40&md5=624b87d1e9ebac2d1bf66b4d30c0f6e9},
terbitan = {01268635},
tahun = {2017},
tarikh = {2017-01-01},
jurnal = {Jurnal Patologi Malaysia},
isi padu = {39},
nombor = {1},
halaman = {77-81},
penerbit = {Persatuan Pakar Patologi Malaysia},
abstrak = {Sindrom Potocki-Lupski (PTLS), juga dikenali sebagai sindrom duplikasi 17p11.2, trisomi 17p11.2 atau dup(17)(p11.2p11.2) sindrom, adalah gangguan perkembangan dan sindrom gen bersebelahan yang jarang menjejaskan 1 dalam 20,000 kelahiran hidup. Antara ciri utama pesakit tersebut ialah gangguan spektrum autisme, ketidakupayaan pembelajaran, kelewatan perkembangan, gangguan kurang perhatian, hipotonia bayi dan keabnormalan kardiovaskular. Kajian terdahulu menggunakan microarray mengenal pasti variasi dalam saiz dan takat kawasan pendua kromosom 17p11.2. Walau bagaimanapun, terdapat beberapa gen yang dianggap sebagai calon PTLS termasuk RAI1, SREBF1, DRG2, LLGL1, SHMT1 dan ZFP179. Dalam laporan ini, kami menyiasat kes seorang kanak-kanak perempuan berumur 3 tahun yang mengalami kelewatan perkembangan. Analisis kromosomnya menunjukkan karyotype normal (46,XX). Analisis menggunakan tatasusunan CGH (4X44 K, Agilent USA) mengenal pasti pertindihan ~4.2 Mb de novo dalam kromosom 17p11.2. Hasilnya disahkan oleh hibridisasi in situ pendarfluor (IKAN) menggunakan probe di kawasan PTLS kritikal. Laporan ini menunjukkan kepentingan microarray dan FISH dalam diagnosis PTLS. © 2017, Persatuan Pakar Patologi Malaysia. Hak cipta terpelihara.},
nota = {dipetik oleh 0},
kata kunci = {Keabnormalan, Agarose, Artikel, Autisme, Gangguan Spektrum Autisme, Budaya Darah, Laporan kes, Anak-anak, Kromosom 17, Analisis Kromosom, Gangguan Kromosom, Penduaan Kromosom, Kromosom, Artikel Klinikal, Hibridisasi Genomik Perbandingan, Kelewatan Perkembangan, Elektroforesis, Perempuan, Pendarfluor, Pendarfluor dalam Hibridisasi Situ, Gen, Pengenalan Gen, Genetik, DNA genomik, Manusia, Hibridisasi In Situ, Kultur Limfosit, Analisis Mikroarray, Pelbagai, Sindrom Malformasi Pelbagai, berpasangan 17, Fenotip, Sindrom Potocki Lupski, Prasekolah, Kanak-kanak Prasekolah, Prosedur, Gen RAI1, Spektrofotometri ultraungu},
pubstate = {diterbitkan},
tppubtype = {artikel}
}

@artikel{Hasan201755,
tajuk = {Analisis daya tindak balas tanah tiga dimensi semasa berjalan pada kanak-kanak dengan gangguan spektrum autisme},
pengarang = {C Z C Hasan and R Jailani and N Md Tahir and S Ilias},
url = {https://www.scopus.com/inward/record.uri?eid=2-s2.0-85015640386&doi = 10.1016% 2fj.ridd.2017.02.015&rakan kongsi = 40&md5=d6a9839cda7f62bcce9bdcca33d3d33b},
doi = {10.1016/j.ridd.2017.02.015},
terbitan = {08914222},
tahun = {2017},
tarikh = {2017-01-01},
jurnal = {Penyelidikan Ketidakupayaan Pembangunan},
isi padu = {66},
halaman = {55-63},
penerbit = {Elsevier Inc.},
abstrak = {Maklumat minimum diketahui tentang tiga dimensi (3D) daya tindak balas tanah (GRF) mengenai corak gaya berjalan individu yang mengalami gangguan spektrum autisme (ASD). Tujuan kajian ini adalah untuk menyiasat sama ada komponen GRF 3D berbeza secara signifikan antara kanak-kanak dengan ASD dan kawalan rakan sebaya.. 15 kanak-kanak dengan ASD dan 25 biasanya berkembang (TD) kanak-kanak telah mengambil bahagian dalam kajian ini. Dua plat daya digunakan untuk mengukur data GRF 3D semasa berjalan. Teknik parameterisasi siri masa telah digunakan untuk mengekstrak 17 ciri diskret daripada bentuk gelombang GRF 3D. Dengan menggunakan ujian-t bebas dan ujian Mann-Whitney U, perbezaan yang ketara (hlm < 0.05) between the ASD and TD groups were found for four GRF features. Children with ASD demonstrated higher maximum braking force, lower relative time to maximum braking force, and lower relative time to zero force during mid-stance. Children with ASD were also found to have reduced the second peak of vertical GRF in the terminal stance. These major findings suggest that children with ASD experience significant difficulties in supporting their body weight and endure gait instability during the stance phase. The findings of this research are useful to both clinicians and parents who wish to provide these children with appropriate treatments and rehabilitation programs. © 2017 Elsevier Ltd},
nota = {dipetik oleh 8},
kata kunci = {Taburan Umur, Artikel, Autisme, Gangguan Spektrum Autisme, Fenomena Biomekanikal, Biomekanik, Keseimbangan Badan, Tinggi Badan, Berat badan, Berat badan, Anak-anak, Artikel Klinikal, Kajian Terkawal, Penilaian Penyakit, Perempuan, Langkah, Analisis Gait, Gangguan Gaya Berjalan, Angkatan Tindak Balas Tanah, Manusia, Pengimejan, Panjang Kaki, Malaysia, Lelaki, Pemeriksaan Neurologi, Patofisiologi, Fisiologi, Keseimbangan Postur, Prosedur, Psikologi, Statistik, Tiga Dimensi, Pengimejan Tiga Dimensi, Daya Tindak Balas Tanah Tiga Dimensi, berjalan},
pubstate = {diterbitkan},
tppubtype = {artikel}
}

@artikel{Banire20153069,
tajuk = {Visual Hybrid Development Learning System (VHDLS) Framework for Children with Autism},
pengarang = {B Banire and N Jomhari and R Ahmad},
url = {https://www.scopus.com/inward/record.uri?eid=2-s2.0-84941942795&doi=10.1007%2fs10803-015-2469-7&rakan kongsi = 40&md5=3c5ecc776725aea4e585e17a1ae805c7},
doi = {10.1007/s10803-015-2469-7},
terbitan = {01623257},
tahun = {2015},
tarikh = {2015-01-01},
jurnal = {Jurnal Autisme dan Gangguan Perkembangan},
isi padu = {45},
nombor = {10},
halaman = {3069-3084},
penerbit = {Springer New York LLC},
abstrak = {The effect of education on children with autism serves as a relative cure for their deficits. As a result of this, they require special techniques to gain their attention and interest in learning as compared to typical children. Several studies have shown that these children are visual learners. Dalam kajian ini, we proposed a Visual Hybrid Development Learning System (VHDLS) framework that is based on an instructional design model, multimedia cognitive learning theory, and learning style in order to guide software developers in developing learning systems for children with autism. The results from this study showed that the attention of children with autism increased more with the proposed VHDLS framework. © 2015, Springer Science + Business Media New York.},
nota = {dipetik oleh 7},
kata kunci = {Artikel, Perhatian, Autisme, Gangguan Spektrum Autisme, Anak-anak, Computer Interface, Pendidikan, Education of Intellectually Disabled, Educational Model, Feedback System, Perempuan, Manusia, Belajar, Lelaki, Models, Occupational Therapist, Prasekolah, Kanak-kanak Prasekolah, Jurnal Keutamaan, Prosedur, Psikologi, Kualiti hidup, Treatment Duration, Antara Muka Pengguna, Visual Hybrid Development Learning System, Visual Stimulation},
pubstate = {diterbitkan},
tppubtype = {artikel}
}

@artikel{Bhat2014851,
tajuk = {Automated diagnosis of autism: In search of a mathematical marker},
pengarang = {S Bhat and U R Acharya and H Adeli and G M Bairy and A Adeli},
url = {https://www.scopus.com/inward/record.uri?eid=2-s2.0-84925286949&doi=10.1515%2frevneuro-2014-0036&rakan kongsi = 40&md5=04858a5c9860e9027e3113835ca2e11f},
doi = {10.1515/revneuro-2014-0036},
terbitan = {03341763},
tahun = {2014},
tarikh = {2014-01-01},
jurnal = {Reviews in the Neurosciences},
isi padu = {25},
nombor = {6},
halaman = {851-861},
penerbit = {Walter de Gruyter GmbH},
abstrak = {Autism is a type of neurodevelopmental disorder affecting the memory, behavior, emotion, learning ability, and communication of an individual. An early detection of the abnormality, due to irregular processing in the brain, can be achieved using electroencephalograms (LIHAT). The variations in the EEG signals cannot be deciphered by mere visual inspection. Computer-aided diagnostic tools can be used to recognize the subtle and invisible information present in the irregular EEG pattern and diagnose autism. This paper presents a state-of-theart review of automated EEG-based diagnosis of autism. Various time domain, frequency domain, time-frequency domain, and nonlinear dynamics for the analysis of autistic EEG signals are described briefly. A focus of the review is the use of nonlinear dynamics and chaos theory to discover the mathematical biomarkers for the diagnosis of the autism analogous to biological markers. A combination of the time-frequency and nonlinear dynamic analysis is the most effective approach to characterize the nonstationary and chaotic physiological signals for the automated EEGbased diagnosis of autism spectrum disorder (ASD). The features extracted using these nonlinear methods can be used as mathematical markers to detect the early stage of autism and aid the clinicians in their diagnosis. This will expedite the administration of appropriate therapies to treat the disorder. © 2014 Walter de Gruyter GmbH.},
nota = {dipetik oleh 34},
kata kunci = {Algoritma, Artikel, Autisme, Gangguan Spektrum Autisme, Automasi, Biological Model, Otak, Chaos Theory, Correlation Analysis, Detrended Fluctuation Analysis, Disease Marker, Electrode, Elektroencephalogram, Elektroensefalografi, Entropy, Fourier Transformation, Fractal Analysis, Frequency Domain Analysis, Manusia, Mathematical Analysis, Mathematical Marker, Mathematical Parameters, Models, Neurologic Disease, Neurological, Nonlinear Dynamics, Nonlinear System, Patofisiologi, Jurnal Keutamaan, Prosedur, Pemprosesan isyarat, Model Statistik, Masa, Time Frequency Analysis, Wavelet Analysis},
pubstate = {diterbitkan},
tppubtype = {artikel}
}

@artikel{Selvaraj2013,
tajuk = {Classification of emotional states from electrocardiogram signals: A non-linear approach based on hurst},
pengarang = {J Selvaraj and M Murugappan and K Wan and S Yaacob},
url = {https://www.scopus.com/inward/record.uri?eid=2-s2.0-84879017985&doi=10.1186%2f1475-925X-12-44&rakan kongsi = 40&md5=18c5309ac9f3017f455480f1ff732a30},
doi = {10.1186/1475-925X-12-44},
terbitan = {1475925X},
tahun = {2013},
tarikh = {2013-01-01},
jurnal = {BioMedical Engineering Online},
isi padu = {12},
nombor = {1},
penerbit = {BioMed Central Ltd.},
abstrak = {Latar belakang: Identifying the emotional state is helpful in applications involving patients with autism and other intellectual disabilities; computer-based training, human computer interaction etc. Electrocardiogram (ECG) signals, being an activity of the autonomous nervous system (ANS), reflect the underlying true emotional state of a person. Walau bagaimanapun, the performance of various methods developed so far lacks accuracy, and more robust methods need to be developed to identify the emotional pattern associated with ECG signals.Methods: Emotional ECG data was obtained from sixty participants by inducing the six basic emotional states (happiness, sadness, fear, disgust, surprise and neutral) using audio-visual stimuli. The non-linear feature 'Hurst' was computed using Rescaled Range Statistics (RRS) and Finite Variance Scaling (FVS) methods. New Hurst features were proposed by combining the existing RRS and FVS methods with Higher Order Statistics (HOS). The features were then classified using four classifiers - Bayesian Classifier, Regression Tree, K- nearest neighbor and Fuzzy K-nearest neighbor. Seventy percent of the features were used for training and thirty percent for testing the algorithm.Results: Analysis of Variance (ANOVA) conveyed that Hurst and the proposed features were statistically significant (hlm < 0.001). Hurst computed using RRS and FVS methods showed similar classification accuracy. The features obtained by combining FVS and HOS performed better with a maximum accuracy of 92.87% and 76.45% for classifying the six emotional states using random and subject independent validation respectively.Conclusions: The results indicate that the combination of non-linear analysis and HOS tend to capture the finer emotional changes that can be seen in healthy ECG data. This work can be further fine tuned to develop a real time system. © 2013 Selvaraj et al.; licensee BioMed Central Ltd.},
nota = {dipetik oleh 42},
kata kunci = {Remaja, Dewasa, Aged, Artikel, Audio-Visual Stimulus, Autonomous Nervous Systems, Anak-anak, Ketepatan Pengelasan, Computer Based Training, Computer-Assisted, Electrocardiogram Signal, Electrocardiography, Emosi, Perempuan, Fuzzy K-nearest Neighbor, Higher-Order Statistic (HOS), Manusia, Kecacatan Intelektual, Sistem Komputer Interaktif, Metodologi, Pertengahan umur, Nonlinear Dynamics, Nonlinear System, Prosedur, Real Time Systems, Pemprosesan isyarat, Statistik, Dewasa Muda},
pubstate = {diterbitkan},
tppubtype = {artikel}
}