2020 |
Eow, S Y; Gan, W Y; Lim, P Y; Awang, H; Shariff, Mohd Z Faktor-faktor yang berkaitan dengan keparahan autisme di kalangan kanak-kanak Malaysia dengan Autism Spectrum Disorder Artikel Jurnal Penyelidikan Ketidakupayaan Pembangunan, 100 , 2020, ISSN: 08914222, (dipetik oleh 0). Abstrak | Pautan | BibTeX | Tag: Artikel, Autisme, Berat badan, Anak-anak, Kajian Lintas Bahagian, Demografi, Persatuan Penyakit, Keterukan Penyakit, Pekerjaan, Perempuan, Manusia, Gaya hidup, Kajian Klinikal Utama, Malaysia, Orang Malaysia, Lelaki, Ibu bapa, Kanak-kanak Prasekolah, Budak sekolah, Status sosial @artikel{Eow2020, tajuk = {Faktor-faktor yang berkaitan dengan keparahan autisme di kalangan kanak-kanak Malaysia dengan Autism Spectrum Disorder}, pengarang = {S Y Eow dan W Y Gan dan P Y Lim dan H Awang dan Z Mohd Shariff}, url = {https://www.scopus.com/inward/record.uri?eid = 2-s2.0-85081212440&doi = 10.1016% 2fj.ridd.2020.103632&rakan kongsi = 40&md5 = a2814a66b9d649278ea7f764ed7e4125}, doi = {10.1016/j.ridd.2020.103632}, terbitan = {08914222}, tahun = {2020}, tarikh = {2020-01-01}, jurnal = {Penyelidikan Ketidakupayaan Pembangunan}, isi padu = {100}, penerbit = {Elsevier Inc.}, abstrak = {Latar belakang: Kanak-kanak dengan Gangguan Spektrum Autisme (ASD) tahap keparahan gejala yang berlainan boleh menunjukkan pelbagai tingkah laku dan ciri. Terdapat kajian berkaitan pemakanan terhad pada kanak-kanak dengan ASD dengan tahap keparahan yang berbeza di Malaysia. Matlamat: Kajian keratan rentas ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui perkaitan antara faktor sosiodemografi, faktor ibu bapa, dan faktor gaya hidup dengan keparahan autisme pada kanak-kanak dengan ASD. Kaedah dan prosedur: Sejumlah 224 kanak-kanak dengan ASD dimasukkan dalam kajian ini. Ibu mereka melengkapkan borang soal selidik mengenai ciri sosiodemografi, keterukan autisme, gaya keibubapaan, amalan memberi makan ibu bapa, tekanan keibubapaan, tabiat tidur anak dan tingkah laku makan. Hasil dan hasil: Setinggi 78.1 % kanak-kanak dengan ASD menunjukkan tahap keparahan autisme yang tinggi. Regresi linear berganda menunjukkan bahawa status pekerjaan bapa (B = 6.970, 95 % CI = 3.172, 10.768, hlm < 0.001) and perceived child weight (B = 3.338, 95 % CI = 1.350, 5.327}, nota = {dipetik oleh 0}, kata kunci = {Artikel, Autisme, Berat badan, Anak-anak, Kajian Lintas Bahagian, Demografi, Persatuan Penyakit, Keterukan Penyakit, Pekerjaan, Perempuan, Manusia, Gaya hidup, Kajian Klinikal Utama, Malaysia, Orang Malaysia, Lelaki, Ibu bapa, Kanak-kanak Prasekolah, Budak sekolah, Status sosial}, pubstate = {diterbitkan}, tppubtype = {artikel} } Latar belakang: Kanak-kanak dengan Gangguan Spektrum Autisme (ASD) tahap keparahan gejala yang berlainan boleh menunjukkan pelbagai tingkah laku dan ciri. Terdapat kajian berkaitan pemakanan terhad pada kanak-kanak dengan ASD dengan tahap keparahan yang berbeza di Malaysia. Matlamat: Kajian keratan rentas ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui perkaitan antara faktor sosiodemografi, faktor ibu bapa, dan faktor gaya hidup dengan keparahan autisme pada kanak-kanak dengan ASD. Kaedah dan prosedur: Sejumlah 224 kanak-kanak dengan ASD dimasukkan dalam kajian ini. Ibu mereka melengkapkan borang soal selidik mengenai ciri sosiodemografi, keterukan autisme, gaya keibubapaan, amalan memberi makan ibu bapa, tekanan keibubapaan, tabiat tidur anak dan tingkah laku makan. Hasil dan hasil: Setinggi 78.1 % kanak-kanak dengan ASD menunjukkan tahap keparahan autisme yang tinggi. Regresi linear berganda menunjukkan bahawa status pekerjaan bapa (B = 6.970, 95 % CI = 3.172, 10.768, hlm < 0.001) dan berat badan anak yang dirasakan (B = 3.338, 95 % CI = 1.350, 5.327 |
2019 |
Liu, Y-W; Liong, M T; Am, Y -C E; Huang, H -Y; Peng, W -S; Cheng, Y -F; Lin, Y -S; Wu, Y-Y; Tsai, Y -C Nutrien, 11 (4), 2019, ISSN: 20726643, (dipetik oleh 4). Abstrak | Pautan | BibTeX | Tag: Senarai Semak Tingkah Laku Aberrant versi Taiwan, Remaja, umur, Faktor Umur, Keagresifan, Keresahan, Artikel, Gangguan Defisit Perhatian, Autisme, Senarai Semak Tingkah Laku Autisme, Temuduga Diagnostik Autisme Disemak, Gangguan Spektrum Autisme, Tingkah Laku Kanak-kanak, Senarai Semak Tingkah Laku Kanak-kanak, Anak-anak, Skala Teraan Global Klinikal, Gangguan Komunikasi, Kajian Terkawal, Prosedur Double Blind, Kaedah Double-Blind, Perempuan, Gangguan Kebimbangan Umum, Manusia, Impulsif, Lactobacillus delbrueckii, Lelaki, Fisiologi, Placebo, Placebo, Gangguan Tekanan Selepas Traumatik, Agen Probiotik, Probiotik, Psikologi, Soal selidik, Percubaan Terkawal Rawak, Skala penilaian, Budak sekolah, Sistem Pemarkahan, Kelakuan Sosial, Interaksi Sosial, Masalah Sosial, Skala Responsif Sosial, Tinjauan, Penilaian Swanson Nolan dan Pelham IV, Protein Berkaitan Sinaptosomal 23, Taiwan @artikel{Liu2019, tajuk = {Kesan lactobacillus plantarum PS128 pada kanak-kanak dengan gangguan spektrum autisme di Taiwan: A rawak, buta dua, percubaan terkawal plasebo}, pengarang = {Y -W Liu dan M T Liong dan Y -C E Chung dan H -Y Huang dan W -S Peng dan Y -F Cheng dan Y -S Lin dan Y -Y Wu dan Y -C Tsai}, url = {https://www.scopus.com/inward/record.uri?eid=2-s2.0-85064817846&doi=10.3390/nu11040820&rakan kongsi = 40&md5=ca04462e8710198b821b44f8e73061f3}, doi = {10.3390/nu11040820}, terbitan = {20726643}, tahun = {2019}, tarikh = {2019-01-01}, jurnal = {Nutrien}, isi padu = {11}, nombor = {4}, penerbit = {MDPI AG}, abstrak = {Empat minggu ini, rawak, buta dua, kajian terkawal plasebo menyiasat kesan Lactobacillus plantarum PS128 (PS128) pada kanak-kanak lelaki dengan gangguan spektrum autisme (ASD) berumur 7-15 di Taiwan. Semua subjek memenuhi kriteria untuk diagnosis ASD DSM-V dan Temuduga Diagnostik Autisme-Disemak (ADI-R). Soal selidik yang digunakan untuk ukuran hasil utama termasuk versi Senarai Semak Tingkah Laku Autisme-Taiwan (ABC-T), Skala Responsif Sosial (SRS) dan Senarai Semak Tingkah Laku Kanak-kanak (CBCL). Swanson, Nolan, dan versi Pelham-IV-Taiwan (SNAP-IV) dan Penambahbaikan Tera Global Klinikal (CGI-I) digunakan untuk ukuran hasil sekunder. Keputusan menunjukkan bahawa PS128 memperbaiki tingkah laku pembangkang/menentang, dan bahawa jumlah skor SNAP-IV untuk kanak-kanak yang lebih muda (berumur 7−12) meningkat dengan ketara berbanding dengan kumpulan plasebo. Selain itu, beberapa elemen juga telah dipertingkatkan dengan ketara dalam kumpulan PS128 selepas penggunaan PS128 selama 28 hari. Kajian lanjut diperlukan untuk menjelaskan dengan lebih baik kesan PS128 untuk kanak-kanak yang lebih muda dengan ASD pada gejala yang lebih luas. © 2019 oleh pengarang. MDPI pemegang lesen, Basel, Switzerland.}, nota = {dipetik oleh 4}, kata kunci = {Senarai Semak Tingkah Laku Aberrant versi Taiwan, Remaja, umur, Faktor Umur, Keagresifan, Keresahan, Artikel, Gangguan Defisit Perhatian, Autisme, Senarai Semak Tingkah Laku Autisme, Temuduga Diagnostik Autisme Disemak, Gangguan Spektrum Autisme, Tingkah Laku Kanak-kanak, Senarai Semak Tingkah Laku Kanak-kanak, Anak-anak, Skala Teraan Global Klinikal, Gangguan Komunikasi, Kajian Terkawal, Prosedur Double Blind, Kaedah Double-Blind, Perempuan, Gangguan Kebimbangan Umum, Manusia, Impulsif, Lactobacillus delbrueckii, Lelaki, Fisiologi, Placebo, Placebo, Gangguan Tekanan Selepas Traumatik, Agen Probiotik, Probiotik, Psikologi, Soal selidik, Percubaan Terkawal Rawak, Skala penilaian, Budak sekolah, Sistem Pemarkahan, Kelakuan Sosial, Interaksi Sosial, Masalah Sosial, Skala Responsif Sosial, Tinjauan, Penilaian Swanson Nolan dan Pelham IV, Protein Berkaitan Sinaptosomal 23, Taiwan}, pubstate = {diterbitkan}, tppubtype = {artikel} } Empat minggu ini, rawak, buta dua, kajian terkawal plasebo menyiasat kesan Lactobacillus plantarum PS128 (PS128) pada kanak-kanak lelaki dengan gangguan spektrum autisme (ASD) berumur 7-15 di Taiwan. Semua subjek memenuhi kriteria untuk diagnosis ASD DSM-V dan Temuduga Diagnostik Autisme-Disemak (ADI-R). Soal selidik yang digunakan untuk ukuran hasil utama termasuk versi Senarai Semak Tingkah Laku Autisme-Taiwan (ABC-T), Skala Responsif Sosial (SRS) dan Senarai Semak Tingkah Laku Kanak-kanak (CBCL). Swanson, Nolan, dan versi Pelham-IV-Taiwan (SNAP-IV) dan Penambahbaikan Tera Global Klinikal (CGI-I) digunakan untuk ukuran hasil sekunder. Keputusan menunjukkan bahawa PS128 memperbaiki tingkah laku pembangkang/menentang, dan bahawa jumlah skor SNAP-IV untuk kanak-kanak yang lebih muda (berumur 7−12) meningkat dengan ketara berbanding dengan kumpulan plasebo. Selain itu, beberapa elemen juga telah dipertingkatkan dengan ketara dalam kumpulan PS128 selepas penggunaan PS128 selama 28 hari. Kajian lanjut diperlukan untuk menjelaskan dengan lebih baik kesan PS128 untuk kanak-kanak yang lebih muda dengan ASD pada gejala yang lebih luas. © 2019 oleh pengarang. MDPI pemegang lesen, Basel, Switzerland. |
2018 |
Tsuchida, N; Hamada, K; Shiina, M; Kato, M; Kobayashi, Y; Tohyama, J; Kimura, K; Hoshino, K; Ganesan, V; Teik, K W; Nakashima, M; Mitsuhashi, S; Mizuguchi, T; Takata, A; Miyake, N; Saitsu, H; Ogata, K; Miyatake, S; Matsumoto, N GRIN2D variants in three cases of developmental and epileptic encephalopathy Artikel Jurnal Clinical Genetics, 94 (6), hlm. 538-547, 2018, ISSN: 00099163, (dipetik oleh 4). Abstrak | Pautan | BibTeX | Tag: Remaja, Allele, Amino Acid Sequence, Amino Acid Substitution, Amino Terminal Sequence, Anemia, Antibiotic Agent, Antibiotic Therapy, Artikel, Atonic Seizure, Gangguan Defisit Perhatian, Autisme, Binding Affinity, Otak, Brain Atrophy, Carbamazepine, Laporan kes, Channel Gating, Kimia, Anak-anak, Artikel Klinikal, Clinical Feature, Clobazam, Clonazepam, Conformational Transition, Continuous Infusion, Contracture, Crystal Structure, Cysteine Ethyl Ester Tc 99m, Kelewatan Perkembangan, Gangguan Perkembangan, Elektroencephalogram, Elektroensefalografi, Epilepsi, Epileptic Discharge, Ethosuximide, Eye Tracking, Febrile Convulsion, Perempuan, Frontal Lobe Epilepsy, Gen, Gene Frequency, Genetic Variation, Genetik, Genotype, GRIN2D Protein, Heterozygosity, Home Oxygen Therapy, Manusia, Sel Manusia, Hydrogen Bond, Kemerosotan Intelektual, Intelligence Quotient, Intractable Epilepsy, Ketamine, Lacosamide, Lamotrigine, Lennox Gastaut Syndrome, Levetiracetam, Magnetoencephalography, Lelaki, Maternal Hypertension, Melatonin, Migraine, Missense Mutation, Molecular Dynamics, Molecular Dynamics Simulation, Mutation, Myoclonus Seizure, N Methyl Dextro Aspartic Acid Receptor, N Methyl Dextro Aspartic Acid Receptor 2D, N-Methyl-D-Aspartate, Neonatal Pneumonia, Neonatal Respiratory Distress Syndrome, Neuroimaging, Nuclear Magnetic Resonance Imaging, Phenobarbital, Premature Labor, Prasekolah, Kanak-kanak Prasekolah, Jurnal Keutamaan, Protein Conformation, Proximal Interphalangeal Joint, Pyridoxine, Receptors, Respiratory Arrest, Sanger Sequencing, Budak sekolah, Single Photon Emission Computed Tomography, Sleep Disordered Breathing, Static Electricity, Stridor, Structure-Activity Relationship, Subglottic Stenosis, Superior Temporal Gyrus, Supramarginal Gyrus, Thiopental, Tonic Seizure, Valproic Acid, Wakefulness, Wechsler Intelligence Scale for Children, Whole Exome Sequencing @artikel{Tsuchida2018538, tajuk = {GRIN2D variants in three cases of developmental and epileptic encephalopathy}, pengarang = {N Tsuchida and K Hamada and M Shiina and M Kato and Y Kobayashi and J Tohyama and K Kimura and K Hoshino and V Ganesan and K W Teik and M Nakashima and S Mitsuhashi and T Mizuguchi and A Takata and N Miyake and H Saitsu and K Ogata and S Miyatake and N Matsumoto}, url = {https://www.scopus.com/inward/record.uri?eid=2-s2.0-85056487337&doi=10.1111%2fcge.13454&rakan kongsi = 40&md5=f0d32670db57261820bc244943cffd62}, doi = {10.1111/cge.13454}, terbitan = {00099163}, tahun = {2018}, tarikh = {2018-01-01}, jurnal = {Clinical Genetics}, isi padu = {94}, nombor = {6}, halaman = {538-547}, penerbit = {Blackwell Publishing Ltd}, abstrak = {N-methyl-d-aspartate (NMDA) receptors are glutamate-activated ion channels that are widely distributed in the central nervous system and essential for brain development and function. Dysfunction of NMDA receptors has been associated with various neurodevelopmental disorders. Baru-baru ini, a de novo recurrent GRIN2D missense variant was found in two unrelated patients with developmental and epileptic encephalopathy. Dalam kajian ini, we identified by whole exome sequencing novel heterozygous GRIN2D missense variants in three unrelated patients with severe developmental delay and intractable epilepsy. All altered residues were highly conserved across vertebrates and among the four GluN2 subunits. Structural consideration indicated that all three variants are probably to impair GluN2D function, either by affecting intersubunit interaction or altering channel gating activity. We assessed the clinical features of our three cases and compared them to those of the two previously reported GRIN2D variant cases, and found that they all show similar clinical features. This study provides further evidence of GRIN2D variants being causal for epilepsy. Genetic diagnosis for GluN2-related disorders may be clinically useful when considering drug therapy targeting NMDA receptors. © 2018 John Wiley & Sons A/S. Published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd}, nota = {dipetik oleh 4}, kata kunci = {Remaja, Allele, Amino Acid Sequence, Amino Acid Substitution, Amino Terminal Sequence, Anemia, Antibiotic Agent, Antibiotic Therapy, Artikel, Atonic Seizure, Gangguan Defisit Perhatian, Autisme, Binding Affinity, Otak, Brain Atrophy, Carbamazepine, Laporan kes, Channel Gating, Kimia, Anak-anak, Artikel Klinikal, Clinical Feature, Clobazam, Clonazepam, Conformational Transition, Continuous Infusion, Contracture, Crystal Structure, Cysteine Ethyl Ester Tc 99m, Kelewatan Perkembangan, Gangguan Perkembangan, Elektroencephalogram, Elektroensefalografi, Epilepsi, Epileptic Discharge, Ethosuximide, Eye Tracking, Febrile Convulsion, Perempuan, Frontal Lobe Epilepsy, Gen, Gene Frequency, Genetic Variation, Genetik, Genotype, GRIN2D Protein, Heterozygosity, Home Oxygen Therapy, Manusia, Sel Manusia, Hydrogen Bond, Kemerosotan Intelektual, Intelligence Quotient, Intractable Epilepsy, Ketamine, Lacosamide, Lamotrigine, Lennox Gastaut Syndrome, Levetiracetam, Magnetoencephalography, Lelaki, Maternal Hypertension, Melatonin, Migraine, Missense Mutation, Molecular Dynamics, Molecular Dynamics Simulation, Mutation, Myoclonus Seizure, N Methyl Dextro Aspartic Acid Receptor, N Methyl Dextro Aspartic Acid Receptor 2D, N-Methyl-D-Aspartate, Neonatal Pneumonia, Neonatal Respiratory Distress Syndrome, Neuroimaging, Nuclear Magnetic Resonance Imaging, Phenobarbital, Premature Labor, Prasekolah, Kanak-kanak Prasekolah, Jurnal Keutamaan, Protein Conformation, Proximal Interphalangeal Joint, Pyridoxine, Receptors, Respiratory Arrest, Sanger Sequencing, Budak sekolah, Single Photon Emission Computed Tomography, Sleep Disordered Breathing, Static Electricity, Stridor, Structure-Activity Relationship, Subglottic Stenosis, Superior Temporal Gyrus, Supramarginal Gyrus, Thiopental, Tonic Seizure, Valproic Acid, Wakefulness, Wechsler Intelligence Scale for Children, Whole Exome Sequencing}, pubstate = {diterbitkan}, tppubtype = {artikel} } N-methyl-d-aspartate (NMDA) receptors are glutamate-activated ion channels that are widely distributed in the central nervous system and essential for brain development and function. Dysfunction of NMDA receptors has been associated with various neurodevelopmental disorders. Baru-baru ini, a de novo recurrent GRIN2D missense variant was found in two unrelated patients with developmental and epileptic encephalopathy. Dalam kajian ini, we identified by whole exome sequencing novel heterozygous GRIN2D missense variants in three unrelated patients with severe developmental delay and intractable epilepsy. All altered residues were highly conserved across vertebrates and among the four GluN2 subunits. Structural consideration indicated that all three variants are probably to impair GluN2D function, either by affecting intersubunit interaction or altering channel gating activity. We assessed the clinical features of our three cases and compared them to those of the two previously reported GRIN2D variant cases, and found that they all show similar clinical features. This study provides further evidence of GRIN2D variants being causal for epilepsy. Genetic diagnosis for GluN2-related disorders may be clinically useful when considering drug therapy targeting NMDA receptors. © 2018 John Wiley & Sons A/S. Published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd |
2017 |
Hasan, C Z C; Jailani, R; Tahir, Md N Use of statistical approaches and artificial neural networks to identify gait deviations in children with autism spectrum disorder Artikel Jurnal International Journal of Biology and Biomedical Engineering, 11 , hlm. 74-79, 2017, ISSN: 19984510, (dipetik oleh 1). Abstrak | Pautan | BibTeX | Tag: Artikel, Artificial Neural Network, Autisme, Tinggi Badan, Berat badan, Anak-anak, Artikel Klinikal, Kajian Terkawal, Analisis Diskriminan, Early Diagnosis, Perempuan, Langkah, Analisis Gait, Gangguan Gaya Berjalan, Manusia, Belajar, Lelaki, Pediatrics, Budak sekolah, Statistical Analysis, Statistik, Time Series Analysis @artikel{Hasan201774, tajuk = {Use of statistical approaches and artificial neural networks to identify gait deviations in children with autism spectrum disorder}, pengarang = {C Z C Hasan and R Jailani and N Md Tahir}, url = {https://www.scopus.com/inward/record.uri?eid=2-s2.0-85043500605&rakan kongsi = 40&md5=6f2ffe7c2f5daf9fd02d4456acb94438}, terbitan = {19984510}, tahun = {2017}, tarikh = {2017-01-01}, jurnal = {International Journal of Biology and Biomedical Engineering}, isi padu = {11}, halaman = {74-79}, penerbit = {North Atlantic University Union NAUN}, abstrak = {Automated differentiation of ASD gait from normal gait patterns is important for early diagnosis as well as ensuring rapid quantitative clinical decision and appropriate treatment planning. This study explores the use of statistical feature selection approaches and artificial neural networks (ANN) for automated identification of gait deviations in children with ASD, on the basis of dominant gait features derived from the three-dimensional (3D) joint kinematic data. The gait data from 30 ASD children and 30 normal healthy children were measured using a state-of-the-art 3D motion analysis system during self-selected speed barefoot walking. Kinematic gait features from the sagittal, frontal and transverse joint angles waveforms at the pelvis, hip, knee, and ankle were extracted using time-series parameterization. Two statistical feature selection techniques, namely the between-group tests (independent samples t-test and Mann-Whitney U test) and the stepwise discriminant analysis (SWDA) were adopted as feature selector to select the meaningful gait features that were then used to train the ANN. The 10-fold cross-validation test results indicate that the selected gait features using SWDA technique are more reliable for ASD gait classification with 91.7% ketepatan, 93.3% kepekaan, dan 90.0% kekhususan. The findings of the current study demonstrate that kinematic gait features with the combination of SWDA feature selector and ANN classifier would serve as a potential tool for early diagnosis of gait deviations in children with ASD as well as provide support to clinicians and therapists for making objective, accurate, and rapid clinical decisions that lead to the appropriate targeted treatments. © 2017 North Atlantic University Union NAUN. Hak cipta terpelihara.}, nota = {dipetik oleh 1}, kata kunci = {Artikel, Artificial Neural Network, Autisme, Tinggi Badan, Berat badan, Anak-anak, Artikel Klinikal, Kajian Terkawal, Analisis Diskriminan, Early Diagnosis, Perempuan, Langkah, Analisis Gait, Gangguan Gaya Berjalan, Manusia, Belajar, Lelaki, Pediatrics, Budak sekolah, Statistical Analysis, Statistik, Time Series Analysis}, pubstate = {diterbitkan}, tppubtype = {artikel} } Automated differentiation of ASD gait from normal gait patterns is important for early diagnosis as well as ensuring rapid quantitative clinical decision and appropriate treatment planning. This study explores the use of statistical feature selection approaches and artificial neural networks (ANN) for automated identification of gait deviations in children with ASD, on the basis of dominant gait features derived from the three-dimensional (3D) joint kinematic data. The gait data from 30 ASD children and 30 normal healthy children were measured using a state-of-the-art 3D motion analysis system during self-selected speed barefoot walking. Kinematic gait features from the sagittal, frontal and transverse joint angles waveforms at the pelvis, hip, knee, and ankle were extracted using time-series parameterization. Two statistical feature selection techniques, namely the between-group tests (independent samples t-test and Mann-Whitney U test) and the stepwise discriminant analysis (SWDA) were adopted as feature selector to select the meaningful gait features that were then used to train the ANN. The 10-fold cross-validation test results indicate that the selected gait features using SWDA technique are more reliable for ASD gait classification with 91.7% ketepatan, 93.3% kepekaan, dan 90.0% kekhususan. The findings of the current study demonstrate that kinematic gait features with the combination of SWDA feature selector and ANN classifier would serve as a potential tool for early diagnosis of gait deviations in children with ASD as well as provide support to clinicians and therapists for making objective, accurate, and rapid clinical decisions that lead to the appropriate targeted treatments. © 2017 North Atlantic University Union NAUN. Hak cipta terpelihara. |
2014 |
Batt, S; Acharya, U R; Adeli, H; Tenusu, G M; Adeli, A Autisme: Cause factors, early diagnosis and therapies Artikel Jurnal Reviews in the Neurosciences, 25 (6), hlm. 841-850, 2014, ISSN: 03341763, (dipetik oleh 52). Abstrak | Pautan | BibTeX | Tag: 4 Aminobutyric Acid, Remaja, Agenesis of Corpus Callosum, Animal Assisted Therapy, Anticonvulsive Agent, Artikel, Teknologi Bantuan, Perhatian, Autisme, Gangguan Spektrum Autisme, Behaviour Therapy, Penanda Biologi, Otak, Gangguan Perkembangan Kanak-kanak, Anak-anak, Kognisi, Cystine, Gangguan Perkembangan, Penyakit, Dolphin, Dolphin Assisted Therapy, DSM-5, Early Diagnosis, Emosi, Ekspresi wajah, Pengimejan Resonans Magnetik Berfungsi, Functional Neuroimaging, Gaze, Glutathione, Glutathione Disulfide, Manusia, Bayi, Komunikasi Interpersonal, Methionine, Keradangan Sistem Saraf, Neurobiology, Neurofeedback, Oxidative Stress, Meresap, Fisiologi, Kanak-kanak Prasekolah, Jurnal Keutamaan, Psychoeducation, Budak sekolah, Interaksi Sosial, Terapi ucapan, Realiti maya, Zonisamide @artikel{Bhat2014841, tajuk = {Autisme: Cause factors, early diagnosis and therapies}, pengarang = {S Bhat and U R Acharya and H Adeli and G M Bairy and A Adeli}, url = {https://www.scopus.com/inward/record.uri?eid=2-s2.0-84925284617&doi=10.1515%2frevneuro-2014-0056&rakan kongsi = 40&md5=caaa32e66af70e70ec325241d01564c9}, doi = {10.1515/revneuro-2014-0056}, terbitan = {03341763}, tahun = {2014}, tarikh = {2014-01-01}, jurnal = {Reviews in the Neurosciences}, isi padu = {25}, nombor = {6}, halaman = {841-850}, penerbit = {Walter de Gruyter GmbH}, abstrak = {Gangguan spektrum autisme (ASD) is a complex neurobiological disorder characterized by neuropsychological and behavioral deficits. Cognitive impairment, lack of social skills, and stereotyped behavior are the major autistic symptoms, visible after a certain age. It is one of the fastest growing disabilities. Its current prevalence rate in the U.S. estimated by the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention is 1 dalam 68 births. The genetic and physiological structure of the brain is studied to determine the pathology of autism, but diagnosis of autism at an early age is challenging due to the existing phenotypic and etiological heterogeneity among ASD individuals. Volumetric and neuroimaging techniques are explored to elucidate the neuroanatomy of the ASD brain. Nuroanatomical, neurochemical, and neuroimaging biomarkers can help in the early diagnosis and treatment of ASD. This paper presents a review of the types of autism, etiologies, early detection, and treatment of ASD. © 2014 Walter de Gruyter GmbH.}, nota = {dipetik oleh 52}, kata kunci = {4 Aminobutyric Acid, Remaja, Agenesis of Corpus Callosum, Animal Assisted Therapy, Anticonvulsive Agent, Artikel, Teknologi Bantuan, Perhatian, Autisme, Gangguan Spektrum Autisme, Behaviour Therapy, Penanda Biologi, Otak, Gangguan Perkembangan Kanak-kanak, Anak-anak, Kognisi, Cystine, Gangguan Perkembangan, Penyakit, Dolphin, Dolphin Assisted Therapy, DSM-5, Early Diagnosis, Emosi, Ekspresi wajah, Pengimejan Resonans Magnetik Berfungsi, Functional Neuroimaging, Gaze, Glutathione, Glutathione Disulfide, Manusia, Bayi, Komunikasi Interpersonal, Methionine, Keradangan Sistem Saraf, Neurobiology, Neurofeedback, Oxidative Stress, Meresap, Fisiologi, Kanak-kanak Prasekolah, Jurnal Keutamaan, Psychoeducation, Budak sekolah, Interaksi Sosial, Terapi ucapan, Realiti maya, Zonisamide}, pubstate = {diterbitkan}, tppubtype = {artikel} } Gangguan spektrum autisme (ASD) is a complex neurobiological disorder characterized by neuropsychological and behavioral deficits. Cognitive impairment, lack of social skills, and stereotyped behavior are the major autistic symptoms, visible after a certain age. It is one of the fastest growing disabilities. Its current prevalence rate in the U.S. estimated by the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention is 1 dalam 68 births. The genetic and physiological structure of the brain is studied to determine the pathology of autism, but diagnosis of autism at an early age is challenging due to the existing phenotypic and etiological heterogeneity among ASD individuals. Volumetric and neuroimaging techniques are explored to elucidate the neuroanatomy of the ASD brain. Nuroanatomical, neurochemical, and neuroimaging biomarkers can help in the early diagnosis and treatment of ASD. This paper presents a review of the types of autism, etiologies, early detection, and treatment of ASD. © 2014 Walter de Gruyter GmbH. |
Shobana, M; Saravanan, C Comparative study on attitudes and psychological problems of mothers towards their children with developmental disability Artikel Jurnal East Asian Archives of Psychiatry, 24 (1), hlm. 16-22, 2014, ISSN: 20789947, (dipetik oleh 6). Abstrak | Pautan | BibTeX | Tag: Dewasa, Keresahan, Artikel, Attitude, Autisme, Gangguan Spektrum Autisme, Anak-anak, Kajian Perbandingan, Kemurungan, Ketidakupayaan Perkembangan, Gangguan Perkembangan, Sindrom Down, Pendidikan, Perempuan, General Health Questionnaire 28, Home Care, Hostility, Manusia, Kecacatan Intelektual, Kemerosotan Intelektual, Kajian Klinikal Utama, Malaysia, Lelaki, Gangguan Mental, Mother Child Relation, Mothers, Named Inventories, Sikap Ibu Bapa, Parental Attitude Scale, Kelaziman, Psychological Well Being, Soal selidik, Skala penilaian, Budak sekolah, Social Disability @artikel{Shobana201416, tajuk = {Comparative study on attitudes and psychological problems of mothers towards their children with developmental disability}, pengarang = {M Shobana and C Saravanan}, url = {https://www.scopus.com/inward/record.uri?eid=2-s2.0-84898619897&rakan kongsi = 40&md5=e877e03b868d1a11ed8f859a33057d5d}, terbitan = {20789947}, tahun = {2014}, tarikh = {2014-01-01}, jurnal = {East Asian Archives of Psychiatry}, isi padu = {24}, nombor = {1}, halaman = {16-22}, penerbit = {Hong Kong Academy of Medicine Press}, abstrak = {Objektif: Parents' positive attitudes and psychological wellbeing play an important role in the development of the children with developmental disability. This study aimed to measure the prevalence of psychological problems among mothers of children with autism disorder, intellectual disability, and Down syndrome. The second aim was to assess the differences in mothers' attitudes and psychological problems among their children with intellectual disability, autism disorder, and Down syndrome. The third aim was to identify whether negative attitude was a predictor of psychological problems in these mothers. Kaedah: Dalam kajian ini, 112 mothers of children having mild and moderate levels of autism disorder, Sindrom Down, and intellectual disability were assessed using the Parental Attitude Scale and General Health Questionnaire-28. Keputusan: Secara keseluruhan, mothers of children with intellectual disability were found to have the most negative attitude towards their child. Mothers of children with autism disorder exhibited higher scores on somatic symptoms, kegelisahan, and social dysfunction when compared with their counterparts with Down syndrome and intellectual disability. Negative attitude was a significant predictor of psychological problems. Kesimpulannya: Parental attitudes and psychological problems would vary among mothers of children with different types of developmental disability. © 2014 Hong Kong College of Psychiatrists.}, nota = {dipetik oleh 6}, kata kunci = {Dewasa, Keresahan, Artikel, Attitude, Autisme, Gangguan Spektrum Autisme, Anak-anak, Kajian Perbandingan, Kemurungan, Ketidakupayaan Perkembangan, Gangguan Perkembangan, Sindrom Down, Pendidikan, Perempuan, General Health Questionnaire 28, Home Care, Hostility, Manusia, Kecacatan Intelektual, Kemerosotan Intelektual, Kajian Klinikal Utama, Malaysia, Lelaki, Gangguan Mental, Mother Child Relation, Mothers, Named Inventories, Sikap Ibu Bapa, Parental Attitude Scale, Kelaziman, Psychological Well Being, Soal selidik, Skala penilaian, Budak sekolah, Social Disability}, pubstate = {diterbitkan}, tppubtype = {artikel} } Objektif: Parents' positive attitudes and psychological wellbeing play an important role in the development of the children with developmental disability. This study aimed to measure the prevalence of psychological problems among mothers of children with autism disorder, intellectual disability, and Down syndrome. The second aim was to assess the differences in mothers' attitudes and psychological problems among their children with intellectual disability, autism disorder, and Down syndrome. The third aim was to identify whether negative attitude was a predictor of psychological problems in these mothers. Kaedah: Dalam kajian ini, 112 mothers of children having mild and moderate levels of autism disorder, Sindrom Down, and intellectual disability were assessed using the Parental Attitude Scale and General Health Questionnaire-28. Keputusan: Secara keseluruhan, mothers of children with intellectual disability were found to have the most negative attitude towards their child. Mothers of children with autism disorder exhibited higher scores on somatic symptoms, kegelisahan, and social dysfunction when compared with their counterparts with Down syndrome and intellectual disability. Negative attitude was a significant predictor of psychological problems. Kesimpulannya: Parental attitudes and psychological problems would vary among mothers of children with different types of developmental disability. © 2014 Hong Kong College of Psychiatrists. |
Chen, B C; Rawi, Mohd R; Meinsma, R; Meijer, J; Hennekam, R C M; Kuilenburg, Van A B P Dihydropyrimidine dehydrogenase deficiency in two Malaysian siblings with abnormal MRI findings Artikel Jurnal Molecular Syndromology, 5 (6), hlm. 299-303, 2014, ISSN: 16618769, (dipetik oleh 4). Abstrak | Pautan | BibTeX | Tag: Alanine, Artikel, Asymptomatic Disease, Autisme, Autosomal Recessive Disorder, Laporan kes, Cerebellum Atrophy, Anak-anak, Creatinine, Dihydropyrimidine Dehydrogenase, Dihydropyrimidine Dehydrogenase Deficiency, Keterukan Penyakit, DPYD Gene, Eye Malformation, Perempuan, Gen, Gene Mutation, Homozygosity, Manusia, Kemerosotan Intelektual, Orang Malaysia, Lelaki, Microcephaly, Muscle Hypotonia, Nuclear Magnetic Resonance Imaging, Kanak-kanak Prasekolah, Pyrimidine, Pyrimidine Metabolism, Budak sekolah, Seizure, Sequence Analysis, Sibling, Threonine, Thymine, Uracil @artikel{Chen2014299, tajuk = {Dihydropyrimidine dehydrogenase deficiency in two Malaysian siblings with abnormal MRI findings}, pengarang = {B C Chen and R Mohd Rawi and R Meinsma and J Meijer and R C M Hennekam and A B P Van Kuilenburg}, url = {https://www.scopus.com/inward/record.uri?eid=2-s2.0-84919783242&doi=10.1159%2f000366074&rakan kongsi = 40&md5=1ebfb9aedb7cb64e3423811b41b6aa7c}, doi = {10.1159/000366074}, terbitan = {16618769}, tahun = {2014}, tarikh = {2014-01-01}, jurnal = {Molecular Syndromology}, isi padu = {5}, nombor = {6}, halaman = {299-303}, penerbit = {S. Karger AG}, abstrak = {Dihydropyrimidine dehydrogenase (DPD) deficiency is an autosomal recessive disorder of the pyrimidine metabolism. Deficiency of this enzyme leads to an accumulation of thymine and uracil and a deficiency of metabolites distal to the catabolic enzyme. The disorder presents with a wide clinical spectrum, ranging from asymptomatic to severe neurological manifestations, termasuk kecacatan intelektual, seizures, microcephaly, autistic behavior, and eye abnormalities. Di sini, we report on an 11-year-old Malaysian girl and her 6-year-old brother with DPD deficiency who presented with intellectual disability, microcephaly, and hypotonia. Brain MRI scans showed generalized cerebral and cerebellar atrophy and callosal body dysgenesis in the boy. Urine analysis showed strongly elevated levels of uracil in the girl and boy (571 dan 578 mmol/mol creatinine, masing-masing) and thymine (425 dan 427 mmol/mol creatinine, masing-masing). Sequence analysis of the DPYD gene showed that both siblings were homozygous for the mutation c.1651G>A (pAla551Thr). © 2014 S. Karger AG, Basel.}, nota = {dipetik oleh 4}, kata kunci = {Alanine, Artikel, Asymptomatic Disease, Autisme, Autosomal Recessive Disorder, Laporan kes, Cerebellum Atrophy, Anak-anak, Creatinine, Dihydropyrimidine Dehydrogenase, Dihydropyrimidine Dehydrogenase Deficiency, Keterukan Penyakit, DPYD Gene, Eye Malformation, Perempuan, Gen, Gene Mutation, Homozygosity, Manusia, Kemerosotan Intelektual, Orang Malaysia, Lelaki, Microcephaly, Muscle Hypotonia, Nuclear Magnetic Resonance Imaging, Kanak-kanak Prasekolah, Pyrimidine, Pyrimidine Metabolism, Budak sekolah, Seizure, Sequence Analysis, Sibling, Threonine, Thymine, Uracil}, pubstate = {diterbitkan}, tppubtype = {artikel} } Dihydropyrimidine dehydrogenase (DPD) deficiency is an autosomal recessive disorder of the pyrimidine metabolism. Deficiency of this enzyme leads to an accumulation of thymine and uracil and a deficiency of metabolites distal to the catabolic enzyme. The disorder presents with a wide clinical spectrum, ranging from asymptomatic to severe neurological manifestations, termasuk kecacatan intelektual, seizures, microcephaly, autistic behavior, and eye abnormalities. Di sini, we report on an 11-year-old Malaysian girl and her 6-year-old brother with DPD deficiency who presented with intellectual disability, microcephaly, and hypotonia. Brain MRI scans showed generalized cerebral and cerebellar atrophy and callosal body dysgenesis in the boy. Urine analysis showed strongly elevated levels of uracil in the girl and boy (571 dan 578 mmol/mol creatinine, masing-masing) and thymine (425 dan 427 mmol/mol creatinine, masing-masing). Sequence analysis of the DPYD gene showed that both siblings were homozygous for the mutation c.1651G>A (pAla551Thr). © 2014 S. Karger AG, Basel. |
2013 |
Modugumudi, Y R; Santhosh, J; Anand, S Efficacy of collaborative virtual environment intervention programs in emotion expression of children with autism Artikel Jurnal Journal of Medical Imaging and Health Informatics, 3 (2), hlm. 321-325, 2013, ISSN: 21567018, (dipetik oleh 4). Abstrak | Pautan | BibTeX | Tag: Remaja, Dewasa, Artikel, Autisme, Anak-anak, Artikel Klinikal, Collaborative Virtual Environment, Kajian Terkawal, DSM-IV, Elektroencephalogram, Elektroensefalografi, Electrooculogram, Emosi, Ketua Penolong Pengarah, Event Related Potential, Ekspresi wajah, Perempuan, Manusia, Latent Period, Lelaki, Recognition, Budak sekolah @artikel{Modugumudi2013321, tajuk = {Efficacy of collaborative virtual environment intervention programs in emotion expression of children with autism}, pengarang = {Y R Modugumudi and J Santhosh and S Anand}, url = {https://www.scopus.com/inward/record.uri?eid=2-s2.0-84881262807&doi=10.1166%2fjmihi.2013.1167&rakan kongsi = 40&md5=c8e767c8eba2bbbec5ff36a43eb59af6}, doi = {10.1166/jmihi.2013.1167}, terbitan = {21567018}, tahun = {2013}, tarikh = {2013-01-01}, jurnal = {Journal of Medical Imaging and Health Informatics}, isi padu = {3}, nombor = {2}, halaman = {321-325}, abstrak = {Exploratory empirical studies on Collaborative Virtual Environments (CVEs) were conducted to determine if children with autism could make basic emotional recognition effectively, with the use of CVEs as assistive technology. In this paper we report the results of electro-physiological study of two groups of autistic children after an intervention program with and without using Collaborative Virtual Environment. The group trained with CVE showed better results compared to the group trained without Collaborative virtual Environment. There is an emphasized early emotion expression positivity component at around 120 ms latency for CVE trained group which clearly distinguishes the CVE untrained group. Also there are differences observed in Event Related Potential component at about 170 ms latency after the stimulus. Results indicate that the Collaborative Virtual Environments are effective in training Autistic children. © 2013 American Scientific Publishers.}, nota = {dipetik oleh 4}, kata kunci = {Remaja, Dewasa, Artikel, Autisme, Anak-anak, Artikel Klinikal, Collaborative Virtual Environment, Kajian Terkawal, DSM-IV, Elektroencephalogram, Elektroensefalografi, Electrooculogram, Emosi, Ketua Penolong Pengarah, Event Related Potential, Ekspresi wajah, Perempuan, Manusia, Latent Period, Lelaki, Recognition, Budak sekolah}, pubstate = {diterbitkan}, tppubtype = {artikel} } Exploratory empirical studies on Collaborative Virtual Environments (CVEs) were conducted to determine if children with autism could make basic emotional recognition effectively, with the use of CVEs as assistive technology. In this paper we report the results of electro-physiological study of two groups of autistic children after an intervention program with and without using Collaborative Virtual Environment. The group trained with CVE showed better results compared to the group trained without Collaborative virtual Environment. There is an emphasized early emotion expression positivity component at around 120 ms latency for CVE trained group which clearly distinguishes the CVE untrained group. Also there are differences observed in Event Related Potential component at about 170 ms latency after the stimulus. Results indicate that the Collaborative Virtual Environments are effective in training Autistic children. © 2013 Penerbit Saintifik Amerika. |
Assaf, M; Hyatt, C J; Wong, C G; Johnson, ENCIK; Schultz, R T; Hendler, T; Pearlson, G D Mentalizing and motivation neural function during social interactions in autism spectrum disorders Artikel Jurnal NeuroImage: klinikal, 3 , hlm. 321-331, 2013, ISSN: 22131582, (dipetik oleh 28). Abstrak | Pautan | BibTeX | Tag: Remaja, Dewasa, Artikel, Autisme, Brain Function, Anak-anak, Komputer, Kajian Terkawal, Perempuan, Pengimejan Resonans Magnetik Berfungsi, Permainan, Groups by Age, Manusia, Kajian Klinikal Utama, Lelaki, Mental Capacity, Middle Temporal Gyrus, Motivasi, Motor Performance, Nerve Cell, Nerve Function, Nucleus Accumbens, Jurnal Keutamaan, Punishment, Ganjaran, Budak sekolah, Kognisi Sosial, Social Environment, Interaksi Sosial, Task Performance, Theory of Mind, Penglihatan @artikel{Assaf2013321, tajuk = {Mentalizing and motivation neural function during social interactions in autism spectrum disorders}, pengarang = {M Assaf and C J Hyatt and C G Wong and M R Johnson and R T Schultz and T Hendler and G D Pearlson}, url = {https://www.scopus.com/inward/record.uri?eid=2-s2.0-84885394367&doi=10.1016%2fj.nicl.2013.09.005&rakan kongsi = 40&md5=b63630c997b658167792266e40e855b6}, doi = {10.1016/j.nicl.2013.09.005}, terbitan = {22131582}, tahun = {2013}, tarikh = {2013-01-01}, jurnal = {NeuroImage: klinikal}, isi padu = {3}, halaman = {321-331}, abstrak = {Gangguan Spektrum Autisme (ASDs) are characterized by core deficits in social functions. Two theories have been suggested to explain these deficits: mind-blindness theory posits impaired mentalizing processes (i.e.. decreased ability for establishing a representation of others' state of mind), while social motivation theory proposes that diminished reward value for social information leads to reduced social attention, social interactions, and social learning. Mentalizing and motivation are integral to typical social interactions, and neuroimaging evidence points to independent brain networks that support these processes in healthy individuals. Walau bagaimanapun, the simultaneous function of these networks has not been explored in individuals with ASDs. We used a social, interactive fMRI task, the Domino game, to explore mentalizing- and motivation-related brain activation during a well-defined interval where participants respond to rewards or punishments (i.e.. motivation) and concurrently process information about their opponent's potential next actions (i.e.. mentalizing). Thirteen individuals with high-functioning ASDs, ages 12-24, dan 14 healthy controls played fMRI Domino games against a computer-opponent and separately, what they were led to believe was a human-opponent. Results showed that while individuals with ASDs understood the game rules and played similarly to controls, they showed diminished neural activity during the human-opponent runs only (i.e.. in a social context) in bilateral middle temporal gyrus (MTG) during mentalizing and right Nucleus Accumbens (NAcc) during reward-related motivation (Pcluster < 0.05 FWE). Importantly, deficits were not observed in these areas when playing against a computer-opponent or in areas related to motor and visual processes. These results demonstrate that while MTG and NAcc, which are critical structures in the mentalizing and motivation networks, masing-masing, activate normally in a non-social context, they fail to respond in an otherwise identical social context in ASD compared to controls. We discuss implications to both the mind-blindness and social motivation theories of ASD and the importance of social context in research and treatment protocols. © 2013 Penulis.}, nota = {dipetik oleh 28}, kata kunci = {Remaja, Dewasa, Artikel, Autisme, Brain Function, Anak-anak, Komputer, Kajian Terkawal, Perempuan, Pengimejan Resonans Magnetik Berfungsi, Permainan, Groups by Age, Manusia, Kajian Klinikal Utama, Lelaki, Mental Capacity, Middle Temporal Gyrus, Motivasi, Motor Performance, Nerve Cell, Nerve Function, Nucleus Accumbens, Jurnal Keutamaan, Punishment, Ganjaran, Budak sekolah, Kognisi Sosial, Social Environment, Interaksi Sosial, Task Performance, Theory of Mind, Penglihatan}, pubstate = {diterbitkan}, tppubtype = {artikel} } Gangguan Spektrum Autisme (ASDs) are characterized by core deficits in social functions. Two theories have been suggested to explain these deficits: mind-blindness theory posits impaired mentalizing processes (i.e.. decreased ability for establishing a representation of others' state of mind), while social motivation theory proposes that diminished reward value for social information leads to reduced social attention, social interactions, and social learning. Mentalizing and motivation are integral to typical social interactions, and neuroimaging evidence points to independent brain networks that support these processes in healthy individuals. Walau bagaimanapun, the simultaneous function of these networks has not been explored in individuals with ASDs. We used a social, interactive fMRI task, the Domino game, to explore mentalizing- and motivation-related brain activation during a well-defined interval where participants respond to rewards or punishments (i.e.. motivation) and concurrently process information about their opponent's potential next actions (i.e.. mentalizing). Thirteen individuals with high-functioning ASDs, ages 12-24, dan 14 healthy controls played fMRI Domino games against a computer-opponent and separately, what they were led to believe was a human-opponent. Results showed that while individuals with ASDs understood the game rules and played similarly to controls, they showed diminished neural activity during the human-opponent runs only (i.e.. in a social context) in bilateral middle temporal gyrus (MTG) during mentalizing and right Nucleus Accumbens (NAcc) during reward-related motivation (Pcluster < 0.05 FWE). Importantly, deficits were not observed in these areas when playing against a computer-opponent or in areas related to motor and visual processes. These results demonstrate that while MTG and NAcc, which are critical structures in the mentalizing and motivation networks, masing-masing, activate normally in a non-social context, they fail to respond in an otherwise identical social context in ASD compared to controls. We discuss implications to both the mind-blindness and social motivation theories of ASD and the importance of social context in research and treatment protocols. © 2013 Penulis. |
2012 |
Clark, M; Coklat, R; Karrapaya, R Pandangan awal mengenai kualiti hidup keluarga Malaysia yang merangkumi kanak-kanak kurang upaya Artikel Jurnal Jurnal Penyelidikan Kecacatan Intelektual, 56 (1), hlm. 45-60, 2012, ISSN: 09642633, (dipetik oleh 16). Abstrak | Pautan | BibTeX | Tag: Remaja, Dewasa, Artikel, Autisme, Pengasuh, Cerebral Palsy, Anak-anak, Kos Penyakit, Perbandingan Merentas Budaya, Ketidakupayaan Perkembangan, Gangguan Perkembangan, Kanak-kanak Kurang Upaya, Sindrom Down, Keluarga, Kesihatan Keluarga, Perempuan, Penjagaan Kesihatan, Penyampaian Penjagaan Kesihatan, Tinjauan Kesihatan, Manusia, Kecacatan Intelektual, Kemerosotan Intelektual, Kepuasan Hidup, Malaysia, Lelaki, Ibu bapa, Dasar, Prasekolah, Kanak-kanak Prasekolah, Psikometrik, Kualiti hidup, Soal selidik, Budak sekolah, Sokongan Sosial, Faktor Sosioekonomi @artikel{Clark201245, tajuk = {Pandangan awal mengenai kualiti hidup keluarga Malaysia yang merangkumi kanak-kanak kurang upaya}, pengarang = {M Clark dan R Brown dan R Karrapaya}, url = {https://www.scopus.com/inward/record.uri?eid = 2-s2.0-83855165819&doi=10.1111/j.1365-2788.2011.01408.x&rakan kongsi = 40&md5 = 4822406179501d1b0b93c5374e383637}, doi = {10.1111/j.1365-2788.2011.01408.x}, terbitan = {09642633}, tahun = {2012}, tarikh = {2012-01-01}, jurnal = {Jurnal Penyelidikan Kecacatan Intelektual}, isi padu = {56}, nombor = {1}, halaman = {45-60}, abstrak = {Latar Belakang Walaupun terdapat banyak literatur dalam kualiti hidup keluarga yang merangkumi anak-anak kurang upaya, majoriti penyelidikan telah dilakukan di negara-negara barat. Kajian ini memberikan penerokaan awal mengenai kualiti hidup keluarga Malaysia yang merangkumi anak-anak yang kurang upaya perkembangan / intelektual. Dinamika yang mencirikan masyarakat Malaysia digambarkan sebagai perkembangan dalam dasar sosial dan penyediaan perkhidmatan yang menyokong orang kurang upaya dan keluarga mereka. Data Kaedah Soal Selidik dikumpulkan menggunakan Tinjauan Kualiti Hidup Keluarga - Versi pendek. Anggota 52 keluarga yang merangkumi satu atau dua kanak-kanak kurang upaya ditemu ramah. Respons mereka memberikan persepsi mereka dalam enam dimensi kualiti hidup keluarga di sembilan domain kehidupan yang dinilai. Hasil Dapatan menunjukkan corak penilaian 'penting' yang dirasakan kuat pada setiap domain kehidupan berbanding dengan penilaian min untuk dimensi kualiti hidup keluarga yang lain. Beberapa dimensi kualiti hidup keluarga, khususnya 'peluang', ínitiative 'dan áttainment', menunjukkan hubungan yang sangat kuat antara satu sama lain. Keseluruhan cara kepuasan dengan dan pencapaian kualiti hidup keluarga serta penilaian global terhadap kualiti hidup dan kepuasan semua menunjukkan hubungan yang signifikan, walaupun setiap korelasi ini menyumbang kurang daripada 50% dari varians biasa. Kesimpulan Peringkat kepentingan dapat dilihat sebagai faktor penentu dari segi kualiti hidup, dan memainkan peranan penting dalam menyokong pencapaian, dan kepuasan dengan, kualiti hidup keluarga, menanggung peluang, inisiatif dan kestabilan mencukupi. Keperluan untuk sampel yang lebih luas termasuk keluarga yang tidak menerima perkhidmatan diperhatikan. Soalan penyelidikan masa depan berdasarkan hasil kajian semasa dan beberapa dinamika yang mempengaruhi masyarakat Malaysia juga dicadangkan. © 2011 Penulis. Jurnal Penyelidikan Kecacatan Intelektual © 2011 Blackwell Publishing Ltd.}, nota = {dipetik oleh 16}, kata kunci = {Remaja, Dewasa, Artikel, Autisme, Pengasuh, Cerebral Palsy, Anak-anak, Kos Penyakit, Perbandingan Merentas Budaya, Ketidakupayaan Perkembangan, Gangguan Perkembangan, Kanak-kanak Kurang Upaya, Sindrom Down, Keluarga, Kesihatan Keluarga, Perempuan, Penjagaan Kesihatan, Penyampaian Penjagaan Kesihatan, Tinjauan Kesihatan, Manusia, Kecacatan Intelektual, Kemerosotan Intelektual, Kepuasan Hidup, Malaysia, Lelaki, Ibu bapa, Dasar, Prasekolah, Kanak-kanak Prasekolah, Psikometrik, Kualiti hidup, Soal selidik, Budak sekolah, Sokongan Sosial, Faktor Sosioekonomi}, pubstate = {diterbitkan}, tppubtype = {artikel} } Latar Belakang Walaupun terdapat banyak literatur dalam kualiti hidup keluarga yang merangkumi anak-anak kurang upaya, majoriti penyelidikan telah dilakukan di negara-negara barat. Kajian ini memberikan penerokaan awal mengenai kualiti hidup keluarga Malaysia yang merangkumi anak-anak yang kurang upaya perkembangan / intelektual. Dinamika yang mencirikan masyarakat Malaysia digambarkan sebagai perkembangan dalam dasar sosial dan penyediaan perkhidmatan yang menyokong orang kurang upaya dan keluarga mereka. Data Kaedah Soal Selidik dikumpulkan menggunakan Tinjauan Kualiti Hidup Keluarga - Versi pendek. Anggota 52 keluarga yang merangkumi satu atau dua kanak-kanak kurang upaya ditemu ramah. Respons mereka memberikan persepsi mereka dalam enam dimensi kualiti hidup keluarga di sembilan domain kehidupan yang dinilai. Hasil Dapatan menunjukkan corak penilaian 'penting' yang dirasakan kuat pada setiap domain kehidupan berbanding dengan penilaian min untuk dimensi kualiti hidup keluarga yang lain. Beberapa dimensi kualiti hidup keluarga, khususnya 'peluang', ínitiative 'dan áttainment', menunjukkan hubungan yang sangat kuat antara satu sama lain. Keseluruhan cara kepuasan dengan dan pencapaian kualiti hidup keluarga serta penilaian global terhadap kualiti hidup dan kepuasan semua menunjukkan hubungan yang signifikan, walaupun setiap korelasi ini menyumbang kurang daripada 50% dari varians biasa. Kesimpulan Peringkat kepentingan dapat dilihat sebagai faktor penentu dari segi kualiti hidup, dan memainkan peranan penting dalam menyokong pencapaian, dan kepuasan dengan, kualiti hidup keluarga, menanggung peluang, inisiatif dan kestabilan mencukupi. Keperluan untuk sampel yang lebih luas termasuk keluarga yang tidak menerima perkhidmatan diperhatikan. Soalan penyelidikan masa depan berdasarkan hasil kajian semasa dan beberapa dinamika yang mempengaruhi masyarakat Malaysia juga dicadangkan. © 2011 Penulis. Jurnal Penyelidikan Kecacatan Intelektual © 2011 Blackwell Publishing Ltd. |
Salih, M R M; Laut, M B; Hassali, M A A; Shafie, A A; Al-Lela, Wahai Q B; Abd, Ke dan; Ganesan, V M Characteristics of seizure frequency among Malaysian children diagnosed with structural-metabolic epilepsy Artikel Jurnal Journal of Neurosciences in Rural Practice, 3 (3), hlm. 244-250, 2012, ISSN: 09763147, (dipetik oleh 1). Abstrak | Pautan | BibTeX | Tag: Remaja, Anticonvulsive Agent, Artikel, Autisme, Benign Childhood Epilepsy, Brain Disease, Carbamazepine, Cerebral Palsy, Anak-anak, Chinese, Clonazepam, Analisis Kohort, Congenital Toxoplasmosis, Kajian Terkawal, Corpus Callosum Agenesis, Dandy Walker Syndrome, Degenerative Disease, Gangguan Perkembangan, Disorders of Mitochondrial Functions, Sindrom Down, Epilepsi, Etnik, Etiracetam, Perempuan, Focal Epilepsy, Happy Puppet Syndrome, Manusia, Hydrocephalus, Orang India, Kemerosotan Intelektual, Lamotrigine, Kajian Klinikal Utama, Malay, Lelaki, Medical Record, Microcephaly, Monotherapy, Kanak-kanak Prasekolah, Jurnal Keutamaan, Kajian Retrospektif, Budak sekolah, Seizure, Structural Metabolic Epilepsy, Tuberous Sclerosis, Valproic Acid, Wilson Disease @artikel{Salih2012244, tajuk = {Characteristics of seizure frequency among Malaysian children diagnosed with structural-metabolic epilepsy}, pengarang = {M R M Salih and M B Bahari and M A A Hassali and A A Shafie and O Q B Al-Lela and A Y Abd and V M Ganesan}, url = {https://www.scopus.com/inward/record.uri?eid=2-s2.0-84870233746&doi=10.4103%2f0976-3147.102596&rakan kongsi = 40&md5=039bd22d6c38366ebfdd00a4254c20f0}, doi = {10.4103/0976-3147.102596}, terbitan = {09763147}, tahun = {2012}, tarikh = {2012-01-01}, jurnal = {Journal of Neurosciences in Rural Practice}, isi padu = {3}, nombor = {3}, halaman = {244-250}, abstrak = {Pengenalan: Seizure-free patients or substantial reduction in seizure frequency are the most important outcome measures in the management of epilepsy. The study aimed to evaluate the patterns of seizure frequency and its relationship with demographics, clinical characteristics, and outcomes. Materials and Methods: A retrospective cohort study was conducted at the Pediatric Neurology Clinic, Hospital Pulau Pinang. Over a period of 6 bulan, the required data were extracted from the medical records using a pre-designed data collection form. Keputusan: Seizure frequency showed no significant association with patient's demographics and clinical characteristic. Walau bagaimanapun, significant reduction in seizure frequency from the baseline to the last follow-up visit was only seen in certain subgroups of patients including Malays, perempuan, patients <4 years of age, patients with global developmental delay/intellectual disability, and patients with focal seizure. There was no significant association between seizure frequency and rate of adverse events. Polytherapy visits were associated with higher seizure frequency than monotherapy visits (27.97 ± 56.66, 10.94 ± 30.96 attack per month, respectively) (P < 0.001). There was a clear tendency to get antiepileptic drugs used at doses above the recommended range in polytherapy (8.4%) rather than in monotherapy (1.4%) visits (P < 0.001). A significant correlation was found between seizure frequency and number of visits per patient per year (r = 0.450, P < 0.001). Conclusion: Among children with structural-metabolic epilepsy, Malays, females, patients <4 years of age, patients with global developmental delay/intellectual disability and patients manifested with focal seizure are more responsive antiepileptic drug therapy than the other subgroups of patients.}, nota = {dipetik oleh 1}, kata kunci = {Remaja, Anticonvulsive Agent, Artikel, Autisme, Benign Childhood Epilepsy, Brain Disease, Carbamazepine, Cerebral Palsy, Anak-anak, Chinese, Clonazepam, Analisis Kohort, Congenital Toxoplasmosis, Kajian Terkawal, Corpus Callosum Agenesis, Dandy Walker Syndrome, Degenerative Disease, Gangguan Perkembangan, Disorders of Mitochondrial Functions, Sindrom Down, Epilepsi, Etnik, Etiracetam, Perempuan, Focal Epilepsy, Happy Puppet Syndrome, Manusia, Hydrocephalus, Orang India, Kemerosotan Intelektual, Lamotrigine, Kajian Klinikal Utama, Malay, Lelaki, Medical Record, Microcephaly, Monotherapy, Kanak-kanak Prasekolah, Jurnal Keutamaan, Kajian Retrospektif, Budak sekolah, Seizure, Structural Metabolic Epilepsy, Tuberous Sclerosis, Valproic Acid, Wilson Disease}, pubstate = {diterbitkan}, tppubtype = {artikel} } Pengenalan: Seizure-free patients or substantial reduction in seizure frequency are the most important outcome measures in the management of epilepsy. The study aimed to evaluate the patterns of seizure frequency and its relationship with demographics, clinical characteristics, and outcomes. Materials and Methods: A retrospective cohort study was conducted at the Pediatric Neurology Clinic, Hospital Pulau Pinang. Over a period of 6 bulan, the required data were extracted from the medical records using a pre-designed data collection form. Keputusan: Seizure frequency showed no significant association with patient's demographics and clinical characteristic. Walau bagaimanapun, significant reduction in seizure frequency from the baseline to the last follow-up visit was only seen in certain subgroups of patients including Malays, perempuan, patients <4 years of age, patients with global developmental delay/intellectual disability, and patients with focal seizure. There was no significant association between seizure frequency and rate of adverse events. Polytherapy visits were associated with higher seizure frequency than monotherapy visits (27.97 ± 56.66, 10.94 ± 30.96 attack per month, masing-masing) (P < 0.001). There was a clear tendency to get antiepileptic drugs used at doses above the recommended range in polytherapy (8.4%) rather than in monotherapy (1.4%) visits (P < 0.001). A significant correlation was found between seizure frequency and number of visits per patient per year (r = 0.450, P < 0.001). Kesimpulannya: Among children with structural-metabolic epilepsy, Malays, perempuan, patients <4 years of age, patients with global developmental delay/intellectual disability and patients manifested with focal seizure are more responsive antiepileptic drug therapy than the other subgroups of patients. |
Tan, E H; Razak, S A; Abdullah, J M; Yusoff, Mohamed A A Epilepsy Research, 102 (3), hlm. 210-215, 2012, ISSN: 09201211, (dipetik oleh 2). Abstrak | Pautan | BibTeX | Tag: Alanine, Amino Acid Substitution, Arginine, Artikel, Asparagine, Aspartic Acid, Anak-anak, Artikel Klinikal, Clinical Feature, Kajian Terkawal, Persatuan Penyakit, DNA Mutational Analysis, DNA Sequence, Elektroensefalografi, Epilepsi, Febrile, Febrile Convulsion, Perempuan, Gen, Gene Frequency, Pengenalan Gen, Generalized, Generalized Epilepsy, Persatuan Genetik, Kecenderungan Genetik, Genetic Screening, Genetic Variability, Glycine, Histidine, Manusia, Bayi, Malaysia, Lelaki, Missense Mutation, Molecular Pathology, Mutation, Mutational Analysis, Mutator Gene, Nav1.1 Voltage-Gated Sodium Channel, Onset Age, Patient Assessment, Polimorfisme, Kanak-kanak Prasekolah, Jurnal Keutamaan, Promoter Region, Budak sekolah, Seizure, Sequence Analysis, Nukleotida Tunggal, Polimorfisme Nukleotida Tunggal, Sodium Channel Nav1.1, Voltage Gated Sodium Channel Alpha1 Subunit Gene @artikel{Tan2012210, tajuk = {De-novo mutations and genetic variation in the SCN1A gene in Malaysian patients with generalized epilepsy with febrile seizures plus (GEFS+)}, pengarang = {E H Tan and S A Razak and J M Abdullah and A A Mohamed Yusoff}, url = {https://www.scopus.com/inward/record.uri?eid=2-s2.0-84870296042&doi=10.1016%2fj.eplepsyres.2012.08.004&rakan kongsi = 40&md5=25cc4eeb07db2492a7c04c6b3b3b2167}, doi = {10.1016/j.eplepsyres.2012.08.004}, terbitan = {09201211}, tahun = {2012}, tarikh = {2012-01-01}, jurnal = {Epilepsy Research}, isi padu = {102}, nombor = {3}, halaman = {210-215}, abstrak = {Generalized epilepsy with febrile seizures plus (GEFS+) comprises a group of clinically and genetically heterogeneous epilepsy syndrome. Di sini, we provide the first report of clinical presentation and mutational analysis of SCN1A gene in 36 Malaysian GEFS+ patients. Mutational analysis of SCN1A gene revealed twenty seven sequence variants (missense mutation and silent polymorphism also intronic polymorphism), as well as 2 novel de-novo mutations were found in our patients at coding regions, c.5197A>G (N1733D) and c.4748A>G (H1583R). Our findings provide potential genetic insights into the pathogenesis of GEFS+ in Malaysian populations concerning the SCN1A gene mutations. © 2012 Elsevier B.V.}, nota = {dipetik oleh 2}, kata kunci = {Alanine, Amino Acid Substitution, Arginine, Artikel, Asparagine, Aspartic Acid, Anak-anak, Artikel Klinikal, Clinical Feature, Kajian Terkawal, Persatuan Penyakit, DNA Mutational Analysis, DNA Sequence, Elektroensefalografi, Epilepsi, Febrile, Febrile Convulsion, Perempuan, Gen, Gene Frequency, Pengenalan Gen, Generalized, Generalized Epilepsy, Persatuan Genetik, Kecenderungan Genetik, Genetic Screening, Genetic Variability, Glycine, Histidine, Manusia, Bayi, Malaysia, Lelaki, Missense Mutation, Molecular Pathology, Mutation, Mutational Analysis, Mutator Gene, Nav1.1 Voltage-Gated Sodium Channel, Onset Age, Patient Assessment, Polimorfisme, Kanak-kanak Prasekolah, Jurnal Keutamaan, Promoter Region, Budak sekolah, Seizure, Sequence Analysis, Nukleotida Tunggal, Polimorfisme Nukleotida Tunggal, Sodium Channel Nav1.1, Voltage Gated Sodium Channel Alpha1 Subunit Gene}, pubstate = {diterbitkan}, tppubtype = {artikel} } Generalized epilepsy with febrile seizures plus (GEFS+) comprises a group of clinically and genetically heterogeneous epilepsy syndrome. Di sini, we provide the first report of clinical presentation and mutational analysis of SCN1A gene in 36 Malaysian GEFS+ patients. Mutational analysis of SCN1A gene revealed twenty seven sequence variants (missense mutation and silent polymorphism also intronic polymorphism), as well as 2 novel de-novo mutations were found in our patients at coding regions, c.5197A>G (N1733D) and c.4748A>G (H1583R). Our findings provide potential genetic insights into the pathogenesis of GEFS+ in Malaysian populations concerning the SCN1A gene mutations. © 2012 Elsevier B.V. |
2011 |
Freeth, M; Panggil, D; Mitchell, P; Kapten, P; Loher, S Jurnal Autisme dan Gangguan Perkembangan, 41 (3), hlm. 364-371, 2011, ISSN: 01623257, (dipetik oleh 21). Abstrak | Pautan | BibTeX | Tag: Remaja, Artikel, Association, Perhatian, Autisme, Gangguan Perkembangan Kanak-kanak, Anak-anak, Artikel Klinikal, Kajian Terkawal, Cues, Emosi, Eye Fixation, Pergerakan Mata, Eye Tracking, Perempuan, Gaze, Manusia, Intelligence Quotient, Lelaki, Mental Function, Kesihatan mental, Persepsi, Meresap, Photic Stimulation, Photostimulation, Jurnal Keutamaan, Aspek Psikologi, Budak sekolah, Aspek Sosial, Social Perception, Stimulus Response, Komunikasi Lisan, Penglihatan, Persepsi Visual, Visual Stimulation @artikel{Freeth2011364, tajuk = {Brief report: How adolescents with ASD process social information in complex scenes. Combining evidence from eye movements and verbal descriptions}, pengarang = {M Freeth and D Ropar and P Mitchell and P Chapman and S Loher}, url = {https://www.scopus.com/inward/record.uri?eid=2-s2.0-79956006659&doi=10.1007%2fs10803-010-1053-4&rakan kongsi = 40&md5=35b5c8dd813f7eab2963b27081f11e78}, doi = {10.1007/s10803-010-1053-4}, terbitan = {01623257}, tahun = {2011}, tarikh = {2011-01-01}, jurnal = {Jurnal Autisme dan Gangguan Perkembangan}, isi padu = {41}, nombor = {3}, halaman = {364-371}, abstrak = {We investigated attention, encoding and processing of social aspects of complex photographic scenes. Twenty-four high-functioning adolescents (berumur 11-16) with ASD and 24 typically developing matched control participants viewed and then described a series of scenes, each containing a person. Analyses of eye movements and verbal descriptions provided converging evidence that both groups displayed general interest in the person in each scene but the salience of the person was reduced for the ASD participants. Namun begitu, the verbal descriptions revealed that participants with ASD frequently processed the observed person's emotion or mental state without prompting. They also often mentioned eye-gaze direction, and there was evidence from eye movements and verbal descriptions that gaze was followed accurately. The combination of evidence from eye movements and verbal descriptions provides a rich insight into the way stimuli are processed overall. The merits of using these methods within the same paradigm are discussed. © Springer Science+Business Media, LLC 2010.}, nota = {dipetik oleh 21}, kata kunci = {Remaja, Artikel, Association, Perhatian, Autisme, Gangguan Perkembangan Kanak-kanak, Anak-anak, Artikel Klinikal, Kajian Terkawal, Cues, Emosi, Eye Fixation, Pergerakan Mata, Eye Tracking, Perempuan, Gaze, Manusia, Intelligence Quotient, Lelaki, Mental Function, Kesihatan mental, Persepsi, Meresap, Photic Stimulation, Photostimulation, Jurnal Keutamaan, Aspek Psikologi, Budak sekolah, Aspek Sosial, Social Perception, Stimulus Response, Komunikasi Lisan, Penglihatan, Persepsi Visual, Visual Stimulation}, pubstate = {diterbitkan}, tppubtype = {artikel} } We investigated attention, encoding and processing of social aspects of complex photographic scenes. Twenty-four high-functioning adolescents (berumur 11-16) with ASD and 24 typically developing matched control participants viewed and then described a series of scenes, each containing a person. Analyses of eye movements and verbal descriptions provided converging evidence that both groups displayed general interest in the person in each scene but the salience of the person was reduced for the ASD participants. Namun begitu, the verbal descriptions revealed that participants with ASD frequently processed the observed person's emotion or mental state without prompting. They also often mentioned eye-gaze direction, and there was evidence from eye movements and verbal descriptions that gaze was followed accurately. The combination of evidence from eye movements and verbal descriptions provides a rich insight into the way stimuli are processed overall. The merits of using these methods within the same paradigm are discussed. © Springer Science+Business Media, LLC 2010. |
Ujianadminnaacuitm2020-05-28T06:49:14+00:00
2020 |
Faktor-faktor yang berkaitan dengan keparahan autisme di kalangan kanak-kanak Malaysia dengan Autism Spectrum Disorder Artikel Jurnal Penyelidikan Ketidakupayaan Pembangunan, 100 , 2020, ISSN: 08914222, (dipetik oleh 0). |
2019 |
Nutrien, 11 (4), 2019, ISSN: 20726643, (dipetik oleh 4). |
2018 |
GRIN2D variants in three cases of developmental and epileptic encephalopathy Artikel Jurnal Clinical Genetics, 94 (6), hlm. 538-547, 2018, ISSN: 00099163, (dipetik oleh 4). |
2017 |
Use of statistical approaches and artificial neural networks to identify gait deviations in children with autism spectrum disorder Artikel Jurnal International Journal of Biology and Biomedical Engineering, 11 , hlm. 74-79, 2017, ISSN: 19984510, (dipetik oleh 1). |
2014 |
Autisme: Cause factors, early diagnosis and therapies Artikel Jurnal Reviews in the Neurosciences, 25 (6), hlm. 841-850, 2014, ISSN: 03341763, (dipetik oleh 52). |
Comparative study on attitudes and psychological problems of mothers towards their children with developmental disability Artikel Jurnal East Asian Archives of Psychiatry, 24 (1), hlm. 16-22, 2014, ISSN: 20789947, (dipetik oleh 6). |
Dihydropyrimidine dehydrogenase deficiency in two Malaysian siblings with abnormal MRI findings Artikel Jurnal Molecular Syndromology, 5 (6), hlm. 299-303, 2014, ISSN: 16618769, (dipetik oleh 4). |
2013 |
Efficacy of collaborative virtual environment intervention programs in emotion expression of children with autism Artikel Jurnal Journal of Medical Imaging and Health Informatics, 3 (2), hlm. 321-325, 2013, ISSN: 21567018, (dipetik oleh 4). |
Mentalizing and motivation neural function during social interactions in autism spectrum disorders Artikel Jurnal NeuroImage: klinikal, 3 , hlm. 321-331, 2013, ISSN: 22131582, (dipetik oleh 28). |
2012 |
Pandangan awal mengenai kualiti hidup keluarga Malaysia yang merangkumi kanak-kanak kurang upaya Artikel Jurnal Jurnal Penyelidikan Kecacatan Intelektual, 56 (1), hlm. 45-60, 2012, ISSN: 09642633, (dipetik oleh 16). |
Characteristics of seizure frequency among Malaysian children diagnosed with structural-metabolic epilepsy Artikel Jurnal Journal of Neurosciences in Rural Practice, 3 (3), hlm. 244-250, 2012, ISSN: 09763147, (dipetik oleh 1). |
Epilepsy Research, 102 (3), hlm. 210-215, 2012, ISSN: 09201211, (dipetik oleh 2). |
2011 |
Jurnal Autisme dan Gangguan Perkembangan, 41 (3), hlm. 364-371, 2011, ISSN: 01623257, (dipetik oleh 21). |